Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester

CA Index Name Spiro[isobenzofuran-l(3//),9 -[977] xanthene]-5-carboxylic acid, 3, 6 -dihydroxy-3-oxo-, 2,5-dioxo-l-pyrrolidinyl ester 

Chemical/Dye Class Xanthene Molecular Formula C sHijNO, 

Molecular Weight 473.39 Physical Form Orange solid 

Solubility Soluble in A,A-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol 

Imaging/Labeling Applications Actin amino acids antibodies bacteria peptide chloromethyl ketones herbicides , histamine H1/H2 receptor antagonists lymphocytes metal ions (Fe(III) Pt(IV) ) nanoparticles nucleic acids/ nucleotides pheomelanin polystyrene latex particles proteins/peptides risedronate  

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Active ester stock solution A dissolvelO mg of 5-(and-6)carboxyfluorescein, succinimidyl ester (FITC-NHS, Molecular Probes -1311) in 1 ml of DMF. 

By way of a completely different type of functional analysis, we can look at the use of tracking dyes to label and follow cells. Cells can be stained with lipophilic fluorochromes or with fluorochromes that bind nonspecifically to all proteins. An example of the lipophilic fluorochromes are the so-called PKH dyes that insert themselves into the bilayer of cell membranes. The dye carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) binds to the free-amino groups on all cell proteins. These two types of dyes can be used to stain cells with considerable stability. The stained cells can then be injected into an animal and tracked to their homing location. 

Tryptophan and tyrosine are intrinsic fluorophores that are present in many peptides, which then can be identified with fluorescence detection. However, most peptides have no native fluorescence, thus making derivatization a prerequisite for fluorescence detection. Derivatization has been described with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde-(S-mercaptoethanol for determination of substance P and its metabolites, fluorescamine, and 5-carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), neuropeptide Y, and 3-endorphin. Kostel and Lunte compared various postcolumn reactor designs, whereas Advis et al. employed precolumn derivatization, among others. In order to improve sensitivity, laser light is frequently employed for exciting the fluorescent molecules referred to as laserinduced fluorescence (LIE) and provides a 500-1000 times improved sensitivity compared to UV detection. 

TEOS nanoparticles doped with three types of dye were prepared for fluorescence-resonance energy transfer (FRET) by means of imposition [55]. The dyes fluorescein, 5-carboxyrhodamine 6G (R6G) and 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX) were used to prepare these TEOS nanoparticles because their spectral features effectively overlap. In the triple-dye-doped TEOS nanoparticles, fluorescein was used as a common donor for R6G and ROX, whereas R6G acted both as an acceptor for fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITG) and as a donor for ROX. To prepare the nanoparticles, the three types of amine-reactive dye molecule were first covalently linked to APS, 5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester, 5-carboxyrhodamine 6G succinimidyl ester and 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine succinimidyl ester. 

Kei Lau, S. Zaccardo, E Little, M. Banks, P. Nanomolar derivatizations with 5-carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester for fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis. J. Chromatogr., A 1998, 809, 203-210. 

Breeuwer, R Drocourt, J. Romhouts, F. M. Abee, T. A novel method for continuous determination of the intracellular pH in bacteria with the internally conjugated fluorescent probe 5 (and 6-)-carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1996, 62,178-183. 

Tsuge, 1. Okumura, A. Kondo, Y. Itomi, S. Kakami, M. Kawamura, M. Nakajima, Y. Komatsubara, R. Urisu, A. Allergen-specific T-cell response in patients with phenytoin hypersensitivity simultaneous analysis of proliferation and cytokine production by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dilution assay. Allergol. Int. 2007, 56, 149-155. 

Fulcher, D. A. Wong, S. W. J. Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester-based proliferative assays for assessment of T cell function in the diagnostic laboratory. Immunol. Cell Biol. 1999, 77, 559-564. 

Zhang, X. Yang, Q. Jiao, B. Dai, J. Zhang, J. Ni, W. Sensitive determination of pheomelanin after 5-carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester precapillary derivatization and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection. J. Chromatogr., B 2008,861,136-139. 

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