Carbon source, microbial degradation

Two processes of microbial degradation must be emphasized in our understanding the fate of chemicals in the environment, metabolism via mineralization or co-metabolism. The former is specifically for process carried by bacterial and support the growth of the microorganisms while the latter one involves the presence of a second source of carbon and energy in which the microorganisms actually use these for growth, but also... 

Preston-Mafham J, Boddy L, Randerson PF (2002) Analysis of microbial community functional diversity using sole-carbon-source utilisation profiles -a critique. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 42 1-14 Quentmeier A, Friedrich CG (1994) Transfer and expression of degradative and antibiotic resistance plasmids in acidophilic bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 60 973-978... 

When sediment was present in the flask, the initial degradation rate was already high (1.2% of NP degraded per day), and did not increase. The larger microbial community in the sediment can probably explain the initial rate, and the lack of increase is probably due to the richer supply of other carbon sources. 

Heraty LJ, Fuller ME, Huang L, Abrajano T, Sturchio NC (1999) Isotopic fractionation of carbon and chlorine by microbial degradation of dichloromethane. Org Geochem 30(8A) 793-799 Hickey R, Frey FA (1982) Geochemical characteristics of boninite series volcanics implications for their sources. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46 2099-2115... 

A facultative anaerobic bacterium isolated from a stream sediment utilized atrazine as a carbon and nutrient source. Microbial growth was observed but no degradation products were isolated. At 30 °C, the half-life was estimated to be 7 d (Jessee et ah, 1983). 

Later it was found that P. incognita accepted linalyl acetate better than linalool as the sole source of carbon [59]. A microbial degradation of linalyl acetate leaving the acetoxy group intact was suggested. 

It is necessary to evaluate the injection homogeneity of a carbon source (cometabolite) for microbial degradation enhancement. It is injected electro-osmotically at 4 cm/day at 100 ppm with a homogeneous first-order rate constant for microbial degradation k = 0.1 day-1 (a 1-week half-life approx). AL = 1.00 cm, to obtain the steady-state concentration profile ofan additive to apenetration depth of 1 m. (Gale)... 

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