Screening of microorganisms

Figure 5.7 Screening of microorganisms capable of hydrolyzing DL-amino-2-thiazolme-4-carboxyhc acid has led to a process developed by the Ajinomoto company (currently applied at a scale of 1000 tpa) for the production of L-cysteine (Sano etai, 1977 Yokozeki etal., 1987).

Sano, K., Yokozeki, K., Tamura, F., Yasuda, N., Noda, I. and Mitsugi, K. (1977) Microbial conversion of DL-2-amino A -thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid to L-cysteine and L-cystine screening of microorganisms and identification of products. Appl Environ Microbiol, 34, 806-810. 

Yokozeki, K., Majima, E., Izawa, K. and Kubota, K. (1987) Screening of microorganisms producing D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine from DL-5-(p-hydroxyphenyl) hydantoin. Agric. Biol. Chem., 51, 963-964. 

Most antibiotics come from secondary metabolites of soil microorganisms that inhibit bacteria or fungi. Large-scale screening of microorganism fermentations followed by isolation and structure elucidation is required. Because many natural products have been previously identified, approaches that avoid time-consuming isolation and provide quick elucidation are essential. 

Here, we describe several successful examples of the development of chiral technologies using biocatalytic methods. These developments were based on extensive screening of microorganisms, and the consequent discovery of novel enzymes and their functions. 

Seibert, M., Flynn, T., and Benson, D. 2001a. Method and apparatus for rapid biohydrogen phenotypic screening of microorganisms using a chemochromic sensor, U.S. Patent 6,277,589. 

Screening of Microorganisms Producing Optically Active 1,3-BDO from (4H2B) 1219... 

Tab. 1 Screening of microorganisms producing optically active 1,3-BDO from 4H2B by asymmetric reduction.

Seibert, M., Fl mn, T, and Benson, D. Method for Rapid Biohydrogen Phenotypic Screening of Microorganisms Using a Chemochromic Sensor, ... 

Screening of Microorganisms for their Ability to Metabolize Sampangine... 

Rhone-Poulenc Industrialization has developped new automated techniques for screening biocatalysts. A special laboratory was devoted to the screening of microorganisms. It contains two robots which are able to carry out automaticaly all the basic operations involved in screening procedures. 

Virazole. Guanosine was used as a ribose donor. Triazole carboxyl amide (TCA), which is an artificial base, was the ribose acceptor for Virazole synthesis. The screening of microorganism at GO G showed Brevibacterium acetylicum to be the best strain for Virazole preparation. 

Torres A, Li S, Roussos S, Vert M (1996) Screening of microorganisms for biodegradation of poly(lactic acid) and lactic acid-containing polymers. Appl Environ Microbiol 62 2393-2397 Urakami T, Imagawa S, Harada M, Iwamoto A, Tokiwa Y (2000) Development of biodegradable plastic-poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate/polycaprolactone blend polymer. Kobunshi Ronbunshu 57 263-270... 

Screening of microorganisms to obtain strains with the optimum properties (a hard task for nonmicrobiologists) [848, 849]... 

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