Mesoporous carbon nitride

FIGURE 20. Syntheses of mesoporous carbon, mesoporous carbon nitride, mesoporous boron nitride, and mesoporous boron carbon nitride. 

Highly ordered hexagonal mesoporous carbon nitride material[267] can be synthesized by the following procedure. Calcined SBA-15 is added to a mixture of ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride. The resultant mixture is refluxed at 90 °C for 6 h. The template carbon nitride polymer composite is then heat-treated in a nitrogen flow at 600 °C. The mesoporous carbon nitride is recovered after dissolution of the silica framework in HF solution. 

A. Vinu, K. Ariga, T. Mori, T. Nakanishi, S. Hishita, D. Golberg, and Y. Bando, Preparation and Characterization of Well-ordered Hexagonal Mesoporous Carbon Nitride. Adv. Mater., 2005, 17, 1648-1652. 

Fischer, A., Antonietti, M., Thomas, A. 2007. Growth confined by the nitrogen source S)fnthesis of pure metal nitride nanoparticles in mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride. Adv. Mater. 19 264-267. 

Alternative interesting applications for porous carbon materials have been recently reported. For example, porous carbons prepared from the large mesopore Fniim silica (KlT-5) demonstrated a superior ability to separate the tea components catechin and tannic add, compared to other p>orous materials, such as activated carbons and mesoporous silica [23]. Porous carbon nitride with a large surface area has been prepared using well-ordered mesoporous silica as a template for the polymerization between ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride [24]. In this case, the metal-free carbon nitride was able to function as an efficient basic catalyst for transesterification reactions. 

Owing to its excellent electrical properties, the 2D graphene sheets are ideal support for carbon nitride. In this context, Feng et al. [46] synthesized graphene-based carbon nitride (G-CN) nanosheets using graphene-based mesoporous siUca nanosheets (GM-sihca) as a template and ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride... 

Because of the uniquely ordered structure of template-synthesized porous carbons, they themselves can be used as templates to replicate other materials with an ordered porous structure that is difficult to make using traditional methods [121,338-348], Thus, CMK-3 carbon was first demonstrated as a template to prepare mesoporous silica [121,338]. An OMC prepared from an MCM-48 template was used to prepare nanostructured silica [339]. Nanocasting of CMK-3 using ZSM-5 crystals yielded a mesoporous zeolite with both mesopores and micropores [340]. More recently, the preparation of a novel class of mesoporous aluminosilicate molecular sieves was described [341]. The preparation of mesoporous boron nitride (MBN) and mesoporous carbon nitride (MBCN) with very high surface area and pore volume was recently realized using a well-ordered hexagonal mesoporous carbon as a template and boron trioxide as a boron source [342]. Nonspherical silica nanocases with a hollow core and mesoporous shell were also produced [343]. 

As a rather unusual application of 1,2,4-triazine, it is necessary to mention the preparation of highly ordered and graphitic mesoporous carbon nitride with an ordered porous structure and a high nitrogen content by a nano-hard-templating approach through a simple polymerization of 3-amino-l,2,4-triazine inside the pore channels of a mesoporous silica template (13JMCA2913). 

K. K. R. Datta, B. V. S. Reddy, K. Ariga, A. Vinu, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 5961-5965. Gold nanoparticles embedded in a mesoporous carbon nitride stabilizer for highly efficient three-component coupling reaction. 

Qin Y, Li J, Yuan J, Kong Y, Tao Y, Lin F, Li S (2014) Hollow mesoporous carbon nitride nanosphere/three-dimensional graphene composite as high efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. J Power Sources 272 696-702... 

DAD 14b] Dadashi-Silab S., Tasdelen M.A., Kiskan B. et al., Photochemically nediated atom transfer radical polymerization using polymeric semiconductor mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride , Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, vol. 215, pp. 675-681,2014. 

Vinu, A. Two-dimensional hexagonally-ordered mesoporous carbon nitrides with tunable pore diameter, surface area and nitrogen content. Adv. Fund Mater. 18 (2008), pp. 816-827. 

Vinu, A., Ariga, K., Mori, T., Nakanishi, T., Hishita, S., Golberg, D. Bando, Y. Preparation and characterization of well-ordered hexagonal mesoporous carbon nitride. Adv. Mater. 17 (2005), pp. 1648-1652. 

Compared with homogeneous catalysis, the heterogeneous photoredox catalysis is mainly underdeveloped. The CdS, Ti02, mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride. 

Recently, Blechert s group used a heterogeneous photocatalyst, mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN), to achieve the trifluoromethylation of heteroarenes with CF3SO2CI under visible-light irradiation (Scheme 13.32) [67]. 

Mesoporous molecular sieves having chemical compositions different from silicates and alumina including aluminum phosphates, various transition-metal oxides, chalcogenide and nitridic framework, metals, and carbons were recently nicely reviewed by Schiith [79]. 

In conclusion, a kind of rod-Iike P-Sialon (P-SijAl303N5) powder was prepared through a carbothermal reduction-nitridation method using mesoporous silca as the starting material, combined with a carbon and aluminum nanocasting procedure. The resultant P-Sialon powder can be expected to find its use in preparing high performance Sialon ceramics. 

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