Carbon-fiber, metal-matrix

Carbon fiber metal matrix composites are subject to corrosion, as is the unreinforced matrix [65], and must be provided with some form of surface protection. 

I nformation on the properties of carbon-fiber, metal-matrix composites is still scanty with little or no suitable comparative data available. I n many reports, important variables such as fiber-matrix ratio and fiber orientation are not mentioned. As a rule, the mechanical properties of present composites are still far short of the potential predicted by the rule-of-mixtures. 

Potential applications of carbon-fiber metal-matrix composites are found where high thermal conductivity and increased stiffness are required. Typical applications now under consideration are listed below.t lt ... 

Diwanji, A.P. and Hall, I.M. (1992). Fiber and fiber-surface treatment effects in carbon-aluminum metal matrix composites. J. Mater. Sci. 27, 2093-2100. 

The effectiveness of using the thermal input for EB crosslinking of carbon-fiber composite matrix materials to reduce dose was shown by M. Lavalle. Proper combinations of monomer, sulfur and metals subjected to ionizing radiation were found to produce nano-particles that could be of use in electronic applications. 

Composites may be identified and classified many hundreds of ways. There are aggregate-cement matrix (concrete), aluminum film-plastic matrix, asbestos fiber-concrete matrix, carbon-carbon matrix, carbon fiber-carbon matrix, cellulose fiber-lignin/silicic matrix, ceramic fiber-matrix ceramic (CMC), ceramic fiber-metal matrix, ceramic-metal matrix (cermet), concrete-plastic matrix, fibrous-ceramic matrix, fibrous-metal matrix, fibrous-plastic matrix, flexible reinforced plastic, glass ceramic-amorphous glass matrix, laminar-layers of different metals, laminar-layer of glass-plastic (safety glass), laminar-layer of reinforced plastic, laminar-layers of unreinforced plastic. 

Textron Systems, Wilmington, Massachusetts, USA—formerly known as Avco and later as Textron Speciality Materials. Market Avcarb carbon fiber and Avox oxidized PAN fiber. The carbon-carbon and metal matrix composite parts are at Lowell, MA. 

Electronic-Grade MMCs. Metal-matrix composites can be tailored to have optimal thermal and physical properties to meet requirements of electronic packaging systems, eg, cotes, substrates, carriers, and housings. A controUed thermal expansion space tmss, ie, one having a high precision dimensional tolerance in space environment, was developed from a carbon fiber (pitch-based)/Al composite. Continuous boron fiber-reinforced aluminum composites made by diffusion bonding have been used as heat sinks in chip carrier multilayer boards. 

Sihcon carbide fibers exhibit high temperature stabiUty and, therefore, find use as reinforcements in certain metal matrix composites (24). SiUcon fibers have also been considered for use with high temperature polymeric matrices, such as phenoHc resins, capable of operating at temperatures up to 300°C. Sihcon carbide fibers can be made in a number of ways, for example, by vapor deposition on carbon fibers. The fibers manufactured in this way have large diameters (up to 150 P-m), and relatively high Young s modulus and tensile strength, typically as much as 430 GPa (6.2 x 10 psi) and 3.5 GPa (507,500 psi), respectively (24,34) (see Refractory fibers). 

Applied Sciences, Inc. has, in the past few years, used the fixed catalyst fiber to fabricate and analyze VGCF-reinforced composites which could be candidate materials for thermal management substrates in high density, high power electronic devices and space power system radiator fins and high performance applications such as plasma facing components in experimental nuclear fusion reactors. These composites include carbon/carbon (CC) composites, polymer matrix composites, and metal matrix composites (MMC). Measurements have been made of thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), tensile strength, and tensile modulus. Representative results are described below. 

Curing primarily refers to the process of solidification of polymer matrix materials. Metal matrix materials are simply heated and cooled around fibers to solidify. Ceramic matrix and carbon matrix materials are either vapor deposited, mixed with fibers in a slurry and hardened, or, in the case of carbon, subjected to repeated liquid infiltration followed by carbonization. Thus, we concentrate here on curing of polymers. 

Shear-stress-shear-strain curves typical of fiber-reinforced epoxy resins are quite nonlinear, but all other stress-strain curves are essentially linear. Hahn and Tsai [6-48] analyzed lamina behavior with this nonlinear deformation behavior. Hahn [6-49] extended the analysis to laminate behavior. Inelastic effects in micromechanics analyses were examined by Adams [6-50]. Jones and Morgan [6-51] developed an approach to treat nonlinearities in all stress-strain curves for a lamina of a metal-matrix or carbon-carbon composite material. Morgan and Jones extended the lamina analysis to laminate deformation analysis [6-52] and then to buckling of laminated plates [6-53]. 

Donnet, J.B., Dong, S, Guilman, G., Brcndle, M. (1988). Carbon fibers electrochemical and plasma surface treatment. In Proc. ICCl-U, Interfaces in Polymer. Ceramic and Metal Matrix Composites (H. Ishida cd.), Elsevier Sci. Pub., New York, pp. 35-42. 

Dieffendorf, R. J. (1985). Comparison of the various new high modulus fibers for reinforcement of advanced composites with polymers, metals and ceramics as matrix, pp. 46-61. In Fitzer, E. ed. Carbon Fibers and Their Composites, Springer-Verlag, New York. 

BPA/DC-based composition served as a polymer matrix in carbon fiber composites [24]. Metal powder or fiber filled molding compounds were also described. The molding compounds, which can contain, moreover, numerous other components, bismaleimides (cf. Sect. 5) in particular, are used for the manufacturing of heat conductive molds for injection molding [25],... 

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