Carbon containing products

A comparative study of oxides which were closely related, but had different electrical properties, showed that both n- and p-type semiconduction promoted the oxidation reaction, forming CO as the major carbon-containing product. In a gas mixture which was 30% methane, 5% oxygen, and 65% helium, reacted at 1168 K the coupling reactions were best achieved with the electrolyte Lao.9Sro.1YO 1.5 and the /i-lype semiconductor Lao.sSro MntL A and the lily pe semiconductor LaFeo.sNbo.2O1 a produced CO as the major oxidation product (Alcock et al., 1993). The two semiconductors are non-stoichiometric, and the subscript 3 — x varies in value with the oxygen pressure and temperature. Again, it is quite probable that the surface reactions involve the formation of methyl radicals and O- ions. 

Name another possible carbon-containing product from the incomplete combustion of methane. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. 

With the masses of the carbon-containing product (C02) and hydrogen-containing product (H20) known, the strategy is to then calculate the number of moles of carbon and hydrogen in the products, from which we can find the C H mole ratio. This information, in turn, provides the chemical formula, as outlined by the flow diagram in Figure 3.9. 

Product yieds are expressed in C atom % rather than in the usual moles %. This allows us to visualize the numbers of C atoms of isobutene or the alcohol converted into carbon containing products, independently from the molecular length or chemical composition of such products. 

The total yield of the other carbon-containing products, i.e., CF2I2, C2F4 and CF4, was less than 0.1%. 

Table I shows how the quantum yields of the chief products may vary with the oxygen pressure at 36, 70, and I00°C.100 and at 150 and 200°C.81 using 3130 A. radiation. [These are calculated with reference to the carbon monoxide yield in the absence of oxygen at 131 °C. or above, which is assumed to correspond to unit quantum yield (Herr and Noyes81).] Photooxidation appears to occur by a chain reaction at 200°C. since large quantum yields of products are obtained in the first few minutes (Fig. 2), but the burst of reaction dies away later (Fig. 3). Using lower pressures and temperatures, e.g., 30 mm. at 150°C., no chain reaction is obtained and the products are produced at a constant rate (Fig. 4). Then the total quantity of carbon-containing products...

Kotsinaris et al. 1998), while on Ag and Pt cathodes methane was the main product. Rondinini et al. (2004) observed the preferential formation of methane from poly-chloromethane on silver in ACN, DMF and aquo-organic solvents. Trichloroethene and trichloromethane were hydrodehalogenated in aqueous solution at different pHs by Chen et al. (2003) on platinized and palladized ceramic (ebonex) supports. Main reaction products were ethane, ethene and HC1 for the former substrate, and methane and HC1 for the latter. In a preceding study (Chen et al. 1999) in oxidative conditions, they observed the parallel degradation to carbon-containing products (mainly CO2) and, in neutral or alkaline pH, Cr/CI()3 as the only chloro-containing products. 

Count the carbon and hydrogen atoms, and balance the equation. Different coefficients are possible for the carbon-containing product molecules. Follow the steps you learned in the previous sample problem to obtain the balanced equation shown below. 

Vinegar is produced by the oxidative microbiological conversion of a 6.0% by weight solution of ethanol in water to acetic acid in water as the sole carbon-containing product. 

Carbon black is the largely carbon-containing product of complex structure derived from the low temperature combustion of a hydrocarbon with a deficiency of air. This was initially produced from natural gas (mostly methane). Normal combustion of natural gas with adequate air produces carbon dioxide and water together with a flame temperature of 1,000-1,200°C. However, if the combustion is carried out in a deficiency of air with strong cooling of... 

The reaction of Clj with a number of mixtures including butan-l-ol and butan-2-ol cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, and hexachlorocyclohexane and phenol, chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene (isomeric mixture) proceeded similarly. Many other similar types of mixtures are likely to undergo COCl /CCl formation under such severe conditions. Indeed, this system can be extended under such forcing conditions (550-660 "C and 80-300 atmospheres) to the reaction of Clj with mixtures of CO, CO or HjO with benzene, chlorinated benzenes, hexachlorocyclohexanes, trichloroethane, trichloroethene, or tetrachloroethene [1714]. The hydrogen in the system appears as HCl, and some perchlorinated compounds tend to be formed, but the principal carbon-containing products are COCl and CCl. ... 

C, gave COFj and COj in a 2 1 ratio as the only carbon-containing products (no... 

The composition of the feed was adjusted to contain about 1.5% by volume n-butane in air, and hence below the lower explosion limit of this mixture. The butane and oxygen conversions are reported as the mole percentages of each in the feed, converted to products. The yields of carbon containing products are defined as the mole percentages of n-butane converted to the respective products. The selectivity of each product is defined as the ratio of the yield of each product divided by butane conversion. The carbon, hydrogen and oxygen balances are 100 +/- 5 %, and all results are normalized on a no loss carbon basis. Blank runs over acid-washed quartz chips showed no reaction under conditions similar to those made with the catalyst. 

However, when a 2/1 mixture of C2H6 and O2 are passed over a Pt containing ceramic foam catalyst at velocities between 0.1 and 1 m/sec, the primary carbon containing product is ethylene, and no detectable carbon buildup is detect on the catalyst even after many... 

Methanol oxidation experiments were carried out in order to determine if methanol was an intermediate in the production of formaldehyde from methane. To this end a methanol saturator was placed upstream of the reactor. The saturator was submerged in an ice/acetone bath (at -16 to - 20 °C) keeping the saturated methanol partial pressure at 5 kPa. This was approximately equivalent to the total carbon containing products generated during standard reaction conditions. The gas feed stream to the saturator consisted of 81 kPa helium and 20 kPa air. The flow rate was varied from 6.25 - 100 ml min. ... 

For the oxygen rich case, the major carbon containing product is C02, and the heat of decomposition of TNT is taken to be -1100 cal/g (4). The equation for this case may be written as follows ... 

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