Surfaces carbon black

Donnet, J. B., Vidal A. Carbon Black-Surface Properties and Interactions with Elastomers. Vol. 76, pp. 103-128. 

Dole, M. Calorimetric Studies of States and Transitions in Solid High Polymers. Vol. 2, pp. 221-274. Donnet, J. B., Vidal, A. Carbon Black-Surface Properties and Interactions with Elastomers. Vol. 76, pp. 103-128. 

Polymer-filler interaction of carbon black surface... 

FIGURE 33.2 Dispersive component of carbon black surface energy as a function of its surface area. 

A new method for achieving stable attachment of organic functional groups to carbon black surface using diazonium chemistry, has been applied to the 4-aminophenyl disulhde (APDS) precursor. ... 

Similar waves in the cathodic polarogram were observed by Donnet and Henrich 58) using oxidized carbon black. The wave disappeared after treatment with isobutyronitrile. It was assumed that isobutyro-nitrile gives an addition reaction with quinones. No reaction with this reagent was observed after reduction with hydrogen iodide, after treatment with aniline, or after treatment with diazomethane. The latter finding confirms the assumption by Studebaker et al. 38) that diazomethane is added to the quinones in the carbon black surface. 

Szwarc (99) found a great affinity for methyl radicals in carbon black. Donnet and co-workers [58, 100, 101) determined the concentration of free radicals on carbon black surfaces by the fixation of the radicals of isobutyronitrile, 3,5-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, and lauroyl peroxide. The number of radicals bound by the surface coincided satisfactorily with the number of unpaired electrons determined by e.s.r. 

The chlorine bound to the carbon black surface can be used for further reactions. On fusion with sodium hydroxide, it was completely removed. A large part had been replaced by CN groups after fusion with sodium cyanide or treatment with copper (I) cyanide (69). Reaction was observed also with ammonia. However, no amino groups could be detected on the surface by the nsiinl methods. 

Another attempt by Tricas et al. to modify the surface of carbon black was by the plasma polymerization of acrylic acid [34]. Treatment with acrylic acid made carbon black hydrophilic. Plasma-coated carbon black was mixed with natural rubber and showed increased filler-filler interaction. The bound rubber content was reduced after the surface treatment of the filler. The authors also concluded that the surface of the carbon black was completely covered by the plasma polymer film, preventing the carbon black surface from playing any role in the polymer matrix. 

Carbon Black Surface Properties and Interactions with Elastomers... 

The chimney-sweeper cancer described by P. Pott in England as early as 1775, which is basically related to soot but not to carbon black, was the starting point of intensive research on analytical test methods for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in carbon blacks. Increasingly refined test methods have been developed (e.g., column, thin-layer, and paper chromatography, gas chromatography, UV and fluorescence spectrophotometry, and mass spectroscopy) to detect traces of such substances and to investigate the ability of carbon black surfaces to adsorb and to desorb PAHs. 

Soil - Animal fat and grease, carbon black Surface - Metal... 

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