Carbohydrates, wound healing

Shigemasa, Y. (1993). Effects of chitosan on wound healing. In "Carbohydrates and... 

Panthenol is absorbed via passive diffusion after topical or oral application and then enzymatically oxidized to pantothenic acid. This is a component of coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein, and as such of great importance in fatty acid, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism. Deficiency leads to uncharacteristic symptoms such as headaches, apathy, gastrointestinal disturbances, palpitations, and paraesthesia typically in the feet, also known as burning feet syndrome. Wound healing is impaired. The recommended daily allowance is 5 to 7 mg.112... 

Glycosyl Transferases. These enzymes are responsible for the sequential addition of carbohydrate molecules to proteins to form proteoglycans, and ultimately connective tissue and cartilage. They are therefore important for the structural integrity of bone and skin, and for normal wound healing. 

Minagawa T, Okamura Y et al (2007) Effects of molecular weight and deacetylation degree of chitin/chitosan on wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 67 640-644... 

There is no doubt that carbohydrates play multiple and complex roles in the process of cutaneous wound healing. This chapter has been able to give only an overview of some of these roles and in many cases the mechanisms of action and effect are still in the process of being elucidated. 

Vitamin B5 or pantothenic acid is a water soluble vitamin, which is mainly produced by chemical routes. Pantothenic acid is required for normal skin function as it leads to formation of coenzyme Q and is involved in carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. Dex-panthenol, an alcoholic analog of pantothenic acid is more stable and has good skin penetration than pantothenic acid. Dexpanthenol is mainly used for topical application on skin and serves as good moisturizer and thus improves the cosmetic appearance of skin. It has mild skin inflammatory activity, but is well tolerated by skin. Pantothenic acid improves wound healing, epidermal regeneration, and reduces scarring also. So, pantothenic acid itself can be used in various skin care formulations. Pantothenic acid is used in hair care formulation as it hydrates the hair and protects the hair fiom chemicals and UV rays. ... 

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