CAMP-dependent protein kinase activation

Nestler E. Under seige the brain and opiates. Neuron 1996 16 897—900. Nestler E, Tallman J. Chronic morphine treatment increases cAMP dependent protein kinase activity in the rat locus coeruleus. Mol Pharmacol 1988 33 127-132. 

Rubino, T, Vigano, D., Massi, R, Spinello, M., Zagato, E., Giagnoni, G., and Parolaro, D. (2000) Chronic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol treatment increases cAMP levels and cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity in some rat brain regions. Neuropharmacology 39 1331-1336. 

Fig. 2. Effects of glucagon (10-10, 5 x 10 10 and 10-9 M) on cAMP levels, cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity ratio and phosphorylase a activity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Reproduced from Ref. 58 by permission of the author and publisher.

The changes in cAMP induced by glucagon in isolated hepatocytes are well correlated with the changes in the activation state of the protein kinase [58,59]. This is illustrated in Fig. 2. Careful examination of the correlations between the increases in cAMP and cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity induced by very low concentrations of glucagon illustrates some cooperativity in the effect of the nucleotide on the kinase [59] consistent with the synergistic interaction between the... 

Both in cells in culture and in vivo, the major targets for retinoylation are the regulatory subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinases, suggesting a role for retinoic acid in modulation of the actions of cell surface acting hormones and neurotransmitters (Myhre et al., 1996). In a variety of cell types, cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity increases after exposure to retinoic acid. In a number of experimental situations, retinoic acid and cAMP act synergistically in cell differentiation. Takahashi et al. (1997) reported that 40 different proteins... 

D. Langin, D. Ekholm, M. Ridder-STRALE, M. Laeontan, and P. Belfrage, cAMP-dependent protein kinase activation mediated by / 3-adrenergic receptors parallels lipolysis in rat adipocytes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1992, 1135, 349-352. 

Humphries KM, Juliano C, Taylor SS (2002) Regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity by glutathionylation. J Biol Chem 277 43505-11... 

Conversely, hormones, such as insulin, which reduce cAMP levels and counteract the effects of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity, stimulate dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase D to the independent form (I) and favor glycogen synthesis. 

Cox, D.E. Meinke, M.H. Edstrom, R.D. Mechanism of calmodulin inhibition of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activation of phosphorylation kinase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 259, 350-362 (1987)... 

The data described above suggest that the ADP-ribosylated arginine may be sequenced near serine residue 38 which is phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (Fig. 3). In the experiment of protein kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of synthetic peptide, Zetterqvist et al. [9] and Kemp et al. [10] proposed that two arginine residues are necessary at the N-terminal side of phosphate-accepting serine residue. Therefore, we speculated that the ADP-ribosylation may influence the cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity. Actually, we found that when whole histones from calf thymus were... 

How is NAPE synthesized, and how is its biosynthesis controlled Unfortunately, we cannot satisfactorily answer this question at present. A calcium-dependent enzyme activity that catalyzes the transfer of fatty acyl groups from various donor phospholipids to PE, producing NAPE, has been partially characterized in dog brain tissue and in primary cultures of rat brain neurons.In these neurons, NAPE biosynthesis is stimulated by stimuli that elevate intracellular calcium levels and is potentiated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity. But the physiological roles, anatomical distribution and regulation of NAPE biosynthesis in the adult nervous system remain unknown. 

Agnes, R. S. Jemigan, K Shell, J. R. Sharma, V. Lawrence, D. S. Suborganelle sensing of mitochondrial cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010,132, 6075-6080. 

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