Chemical camouflage

This review will not discuss issues or technologies covered within other chapters, such as ballistic, camouflage, chemical or nuclear protection however, their effect on the PDS for extremities protection will be acknowledged. The generic issues within extremities PPE will be discussed, with specific issues for... 

Scott MD, Murad KL, Koumpouras F et al (1997) Chemical camouflage of antigenic determinants stealth erythrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 7566—7571... 

Decontamination ability of the new developed and applied camouflage clothing was not fully researched. Contamination with chemical... 

The exact chemical structure of P.B1.20, an anthraquinone pigment, is not known. P.B1.20 is a specialty product used in camouflage paint. The pigment satisfies cer-... 

The female produced sex pheromone of Aleochara curtula has been described to consist of a mixture of (Z)-7-henicosene and (Z)-7-tricosene [114]. The same compounds are reported to be used by young males as a kind of camouflage to avoid aggression from older males. Similarly, chemical camouflage by using hydrocarbons plays a role in the relations between the myrme-cophilous staphylinid beetle Zyras cones and the ant Lasius fuliginosus. The host worker ants never attack these beetles which show the same profiles of cuticular hydrocarbons as the ants [115]. 

Notice how the protective strategies are first classified into three categories appearance, chemicals, and armor. Each of these categories is then further classified for analysis. Appearance, for example, is broken down into three types of protection strategies camouflage, warning colors, and mimicry. 

Dettner, K. and Liepert, C. (1994). Chemical mimicry and camouflage. Annual Review of Entomology 39 129-154. 

Stachowicz, J.J. and Hay, M.E., Reducing predation through chemically-mediated camouflage indirect effects of plant defenses on herbivores, Ecology, 80, 495, 1999. 

Marin, A., Lopez Belluga, M.D., Scognamiglio, G., and Cimino, G., Morphological and chemical camouflage of the Mediterranean nudibranch Discodoris indecora on the sponges Ircinia variabilis and Ircinia fasciculata, J. Moll. Stud., 63, 431, 1997. 

Mimicry by passive transfer Mimicry of ant alarm pheromones Chemical camouflage Review... 

Chemical camouflage Intracolonial chemical mimicry Chemical camouflage... 

Youngsteadt and DeVries (2005) described the putative role of chemical mimicry in a lycaenid caterpillar (Lepidoptera Lycaenidae), i.e., the harvester Feniseca tarquinius, that preys on some ant-tended Homoptera (see Aphid section). Chemical analyses and behavioral bioassays indicated that aphid-like camouflage allowed the caterpillar to evade detection by the ants (genera Camponotus or Formica) without other concealment behavior. The authors stated that mimicry was not an active process in this case. 

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