Callus induction, plant cell cultures

Yasuda, T., Yajima, Y., and Yamada, Y., Induction of DNA synthesis and callus formation from tuber tissue of Jerusalem artichoke by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Plant Cell Physiol., 15, 321-329, 1974. Yeoman, M.M., Tissue Culture and Plant Science, Street, H.E., Ed., Blackwell s, Oxford, 1974, pp. 1-17. Zubr, J. and Pedersen, H.S., Characteristics of growth and development of different Jerusalem artichoke cultivars, in Inulin and Inulin-containing Crops, Fuchs, A., Ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1993, pp. 11-19. 

Recently, an interesting effect of colchicine has been observed where it induced cell division. Positive effect of colchicine on pollen callus induction and plant regeneration on in vitro culture of Triticum aestivum and Zea mays is reported [29]. A similar effect has been observed on in vitro anther and isolated microspore cultures of Brassica napus where colchicine stimulated cell division and embryogenesis [30]. 

In the appropriate culture medium, tissue explants give rise to callus tissue. Callus tissue is comprised of large, thin-walled parenchyma cells. It is similar to the undifferentiated tissue produced by plants as a repair mechanism when they are injured. In tissue culture, dedifferentiated callus can be induced to form plantlets that grow into normal plants. The induction of callus occurs when a sterile explant is brought into contact with a nutrient medium, which contains substances that initiate cell division and support growth. An explant may be a uniform piece of tissue or tissue derived from different cell types (Yeoman, 1973). Storage parenchyma tissue from Jerusalem... 

Legha, M.R., Prasad, K.V., Singh, S.K., Kaur, C., Arora, A., Kumar, S., 2012. Induction of carotenoid pigments in callus cultures of Calendula officinalis L. in response to nitrc en and sucrose levels. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Plant 48, 99-106. 

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