Tissue-derived ECM

The key to the successful clinical application for hard tissue repair using the ECM-derived tissues is the preservation of bioactive factors and the elimination of any immunogenic substance remained in the source tissue during the decellularization or demineralized procedures. However, the current acellular methods normally cause loss of bioactive factors and/or the destruction of the ultrastructure due to the extreme conditions experienced during the process (Zimmermann and Moghaddam, 2011 Badylak et al., 2011). Therefore, further optimization of the ECM scaffolds is required in the following studies so as to ensure the safety and effectiveness of these promising scaffolds. 

Allografts and xenografts represent an important subset of products in the broader class of ECM-derived biomaterials, and for our purposes wiU be defined as any material for implantation in humans resulting from the processing of organs or tissues of a living organism, whether mammalian or otherwise. I have excluded products that... 

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