Calcium pathophysiology

Tfelt-Hansen J, Brown EM (2005) The calcium-sensing receptor in normal physiology and pathophysiology a review. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 42(1 ) 3 5-70... 

BP, blood pressure CCB, calcium channel blocker agent DBP, diastolic blood pressure SBP, systolic blood pressure. (Adapted from JNC 7 Modified from Saseen JJ, Carter BL. Hypertension. In DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al, (eds.) Pharmacotherapy A Pathophysiologic Approach. 6th ed. New York McGraw-Hill 2005 194, with permission.)... 

FIGURE 96-4. Pathophysiology of the hypercalcemia of malignancy. PTHrP, parathyroid hormone-related protein TGF-P, transforming growth factor P TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor alpha Ca2+, calcium IL-1, interleukin 1 IL-2, interleukin 2. 

Chattopadhyay, N., Mithal, A., and Brown, E. M. (1996) The calcium-sensing receptor a window into the physiology and pathophysiology of mineral ion metabolism. Endocr. Rev. 17, 289-307. 

Calcium dysregulation has long been implicated in the potential pathophysiology of different phases of affective disorders [Carman et al. 1984 Dubovsky and Franks 1983 Dubovsky et al. 1992b, 1994 Jimerson et al. 1979 H. L. Meltzer 1990]. This is based on a combination of data suggesting that 1] calcium-related endocrinopathies are associated with mood disorders 2] abnormal levels of calcium have been found in blood and spinal fluid in association with mood dysregulation 3] abnormalities in intracellular cal-... 

DeWitt CR, Waksman 3C Pharmacology, pathophysiology and management of calcium channel blocker and beta-blocker toxicity. Toxicol Rev 2004 23 223. [PMID 15898828]... 

Stewart AF Clinical practice. Hypercalcemia associated with cancer. N Engl J Med 2005 352 373. [PMID 15673803] Strom TM, Juppner H PHEX, FGF23, DMP1 and beyond. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2008 17 357. [PMID 18660670] Tfelt-Hanson J, Brown EM The calcium-sensing receptor in normal physiology and pathophysiology A review. Crit Rev... 

The mechanisms described so far are synoptically summarized in figure 13. An important point to mention is that, as already said, the affection of the gap junction conductance is not mono- but multicausal under the most physiological and pathophysiological conditions due to the interactions between the intracellular mediators. Thus, most processes will affect intracellular calcium and, on the other hand, a change in intracellular calcium will activate a variety of intracellular mechanisms and affect the activity of many calcium-dependent enzymes. 

THE CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CaR-BASED THERAPEUTICS... 

Msaouel, P., Nixon, A. M., Bramos, A. P., Baiba, E. and Kentarchos, N. E., 2004, Extracellular calcium sensing receptor an overview of physiology, pathophysiology and clinical perspectives. In Vivo 18, 739-53. 

Verkhratsky A. 2005 Physiology and pathophysiology of die calcium store in die endoplasmic reticulum of neurons. Physiol Rev 85, 201—279. 

Disease Hypoparathyroidism Pathophysiology Decreased parathyroid hormone secretion leads to impaired bone resorption and hypocalcemia Primary Drug Treatment Calcium supplements, vitamin D... 

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