Calcium chloride monohydrate

C8H1607,Ca2+Cl-2,H20 Methyl D-glycero-a-D-guZo-heptopyranoside-calcium chloride monohydrate (GGHPCA)30... 

U.S. imports for consumption, 4 563t water treatment compound for aquaculture in U.S., 3 213t Calcium chloride dihydrate, physical properties of, 4 5571 Calcium chloride hexahydrate, physical properties of, 4 557t Calcium chloride monohydrate, physical properties of, 4 557t Calcium chloride production, use of aqueous hydrochloric acid in,... 

BaSe barium selenide 1304-39-8 25.00 5 0200 1 714 CaCI2H20 calcium chloride monohydrate 13477-29-7 25.00 2.2400 1... 

Takashi F, Kazuyuki O, Mitsuru T, Tomoya M (2006) Crystal structure of o,a-trehalose-calcium chloride monohydrate complex. J Carbohydr Chem 25(7) 521-532. doi 10.1080/07328300600966414... 

The properties of calcium chloride and its hydrates are summarized in Table 1. Accurate data are now available for the heats of fusion of the hexahydrate, the incongment fusion of the tetrahydrate, and the molar heat capacities of the hexahydrate, tetrahydrate, and dihydrate (1). These data are important when considering the calcium chloride hydrates as thermal storage media. A reevaluation and extension of the phase relationships of the calcium chloride hydrates, has led to new values for the heats of infinite dilution for the dihydrate, monohydrate, 0.33-hydrate, and pure calcium chloride (1). 

Calcium chloride is a hygroscopic salt which can exist as pure anhydrous CaClj or as a series of hydrate forms ranging from a monohydrate (CaCl2 -HjO) to a hexahydrate (CaCl j - 6 H j O). In the drying process, hydrocarbon passes up through a bed of calcium chloride and the water from the hydrocarbon forms hydrates with the calcium chloride. At the bottom of the bed the hydrate evenmally reaches a hexahydrate which turns into a brine and is drawn off. 

The insoluble Mg(OH)2 is filtered off and the seawater containing calcium chloride is returned to the sea. The hydroxide is then neutralized with hydrochloric acid. Evaporation of the solution yields hexahydrate, MgCb 6H2O. The hexahydrate is either fuUy dehydrated to anhydrous MgCE by heating in dryers or partially dehydrated to monohydrate for electrolytic... 

A 250-mL, one-necked, round-bottomed flask is equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a reflux condenser protected by a calcium chloride drying tube. Into the flask are placed 30.0 g (0.14 mol) of di-tert-butyl malonate (Note 1) 8.4 g (0.28 mol) of paraformaldehdye (Note 2), 1.4 g (0.014 mol) of potassium acetate, 1.4 g (0.007 mol) of cupric acetate monohydrate, and 70 mL of glacial acetic acid. The resulting green-white suspension is placed in an oil bath preheated to 90-100°C and stirred for 2 hr (Note 3). The reaction mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature, and the reflux condenser is replaced with a short-path distillation apparatus, the vacuum outlet of which 1s connected in sequence to a trap cooled in acetone-dry ice, a potassium hydroxide trap, another trap cooled in acetone-dry ice, and a vacuum pump. The receiving flask 1s cooled in acetone-dry 1ce, and the system is evacuated over approximately 1 hr to remove acetic acid and other volatile material... 

Calcium Pyroarsenite, Ca2As205, is a white powder obtained by slowly precipitating a solution of arsenious acid with excess of lime-water, or by adding calcium chloride or sulphate to aqueous ammonium arsenite, and heating the precipitate to 105° C.7 If the product is dried in the air at the ordinary temperature, the monohydrate is obtained. At red heat calcium arsenate is formed. The pyroarsenite is only slightly soluble in water, 100 parts dissolving 0-025 to 0-030 part of the salt. It is more soluble in the presence of alkali chlorides and some ammonium salts, such as the nitrate, sulphate, acetate and succinate.8 It also dissolves in dilute acids. 

The most effective commercially available form of this desiccant is the monohydrate a cheaper grade contains from 30 to 40 per cent of water but this retains useful desiccating action (the fully hydrated form is the heptahydrate). It is an excellent neutral desiccant, rapid in its action, chemically inert and fairly efficient, and can be employed for most compounds including those (e.g. esters, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles, amides) to which calcium chloride is not applicable. 

The mother liquor leaving the hydraulie filters, containing up to 100 g of active chlorine and 260 g of chloride ion per litre, is converted into a monohydrate Ca Cl2. HoO. After nickel salt, acting as catalyst, has been added, the present hypochlorite is decomposed at an elevated temperature. Then chlorate will be reduced by sulphur dioxide. The solution obtained is filtered and sprayed by atomizers into a spray dryer where it is dried by hot air and converted into dry calcium chloride powder (CaCl2. HzO). 

In the JDaubine-Roy process 3 air is made to ascend a tower and during the process to pass through trays of calcium chloride, the temperature of which is kept low (namely, 4° to 5° C.) by means of water coolers. The limits of hydration range from the monohydrate to the oetahydrate thus... 

B. 3-Vinyl-l,5-dihydro-3H-2,4-benzodioxepine. An oven-dried, 2-L, threenecked, round-bottomed flask is equipped with a magnetic stirring bar. a calcium chloride drying tube, and two rubber septa. The flask is charged with 41.45 g (0.3 mol) of 1,2-benzenedimethanol, 5.71 g (0.03 mol) of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (Note 1), and 600 mL of dry 1,2-dimethoxyethane (Notes 1 and 7). Stirring is initiated, and 49.2 mL (0.45 mol) of trimethyl orthoformate (Note 1) and 30.1 mL (0.45 mol) of acrolein (Note 1) are then added sequentially via syringe. The reaction mixture is... 

Phosphorus -Nitrogen peroxide -Stannic bromide Sulphuric acid monohydrate Fused potassium chloride Fused calcium chloride -... 

Besides the hexahydrate, the solubility curve of which has already been described, calcium chloride can also crystallise in two different forms, each of which contains 4 molecules of water of crystallisation these are distinguished as a-tetrahydrate and jS-tetrahydrate. Two other hydrates are also known, viz. a dihydrate and a monohydrate. The solubility curves of these different hydrates are given in Fig. 79. 

Anyhydrous compounds have important applications in the chemistry laboratory Calcium chloride forms three hydrates—a monohydrate, a dihydrate, and a hexahydrate. As shown in Figure 10.18, anhydrous calcium chloride is placed in the bottom of tightly sealed containers called desiccators. The calcium chloride absorbs moisture from the air inside the desiccator, creating a dry atmosphere in which other substances can be kept dry. Calcium sulfate is often added to solvents such as ethanol and ethyl ether to keep them free of water. 

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