Calcite abrasion

Unlike their parent product, powder cleansers, the cream cleansers usually use the gentler calcite abrasive. This, combined with their liquid form, helps to convey the image of less harsh cleaning to the consumer. This is especially important to consumers who have softer, plastic surfaces in their bathrooms such as the fiberglass (polymethyl methacrylate) shower enclosures which are much more easily marred than the traditional vitreous materials [18]. 

Hardness. The hardness (qv), or related property abrasiveness, is an important filler property. Hardness is determined by comparison to materials of known hardness on the Mohs scale. On this nonlinear scale, diamond is rated 10, quartz 7, calcite 3, and talc 1. The abrasiveness of a filler is also dependent on psd and the presence of impurities, eg, ka olin clay (Mohs hardness of 3) can be quite abrasive because of the presence of quartz impurities. 

The hardness of a mineral as measured by the Mohs scale is a criterion of its resistance to crushing [Fahrenwald, Trans. Am. In.st. Min. Metall. Pet. Eng., 112, 88 (1934)]. It is a fairly good indication of the abrasive character of the mineral, a factor that determines the wear on the grinding media. Arranged in increasing order or hardness, the Mohs scale is as fohows 1, talc 2, gypsum 3, calcite 4, fluoride 5, apatite 6, feldspar 7, quartz 8, topaz 9, corundum and 10, diamond. 

Abrasives (DW, HC) Provide smoothing, scrubbing, or polishing action Hardness Calcite Feldspar Quartz Sand 0-55% 60-90% 0-15%... 

Abrasive (soluble compounds Usually calcite (CaC03), but also 10-90... 

According to the X-Ray diffraction test, percent and sort of minerals in surrounding rock are assured. It turned out that rock samples mainly consist of quartz, potassium feldspar, anorthose, calcite, pyrite and clay mineral. At the same time, although quartz is the most important abrasive mineral in rock, the linear correlation between CAI and percent of quartz in rock samples is small, as shown in Figure 3. However, as shown in Figure 4, there is a close linear correlation between the CAI and the equivalent quartz content for the tested rock samples. 

Sandstone—Sandstones, composed essentially of cemented sand, comprise about 30% of all sedimentary rocks. The most abundant mineral in sandstone is quartz, along with lesser amounts of calcite, gypsum, and various iron compounds. Sandstone is used as an abrasive (for sandpaper) and as a building stone. 

Even more sophisticated formulas with hypochlorite, surfactant, and abrasive materials have now been defined for specialized applications like toilet bowl cleaners. In this area, the patent literature discloses a hard-surface abrasive scouring cleanser comprising sodium hypochlorite up to 15%, abrasive like silica sand or calcite up to 70%, smfactants like anionic (soap, sulfate, sulfonate) or nonionic (amine oxide) or their mixtures up to... 

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