Super cages

Zeolite Y modified with (+/-)-l,3-dithiane-l-oxide, 1 molecule per super cage... 

Another approach involved encapsulation of a bulky guanidine, N,N,N-tricyclohexyl-guanidine, in the super-cages of hydrophobic zeolite Y (Sercheli et ai, 1997). The resulting ship-in-a-bottle guanidine catalysed the aldol reaction of benzaldehyde with acetone to give 4-phenyl-4-hydroxybutan-2-one. 

Figure 1. Schematic representation of a faujasite super-cage. Its developed inner surface, which is composed of two types of sorption sites, has been also represented.

Water intrusion-extrusion isotherms performed at room temperature on hydrophobic pure silica chabazite show that the water-Si-CHA system displays a real spring behavior. However, Pressure/Volume differences are observed between the first and the second cycle indicating that some water molecules interact with the inorganic framework after the first intrusion. 29Si and especially H solid state NMR and powder X-ray diffraction demonstrated the creation of new defect sites upon the intrusion-extrusion of water and the existence of two kinds of water molecules trapped in the super-cage of the Si-CHA a first layer of water strongly hydrogen bonded with the silanols of the framework and a subsequent layer of liquid-like physisorbed water molecules in interaction with the first water layer. 

Recently, we reported that an Fe supported zeolite (FeHY-1) shows high activity for acidic reactions such as toluene disproportionation and resid hydrocracking in the presence of H2S [1,2]. Investigations using electron spin resonance (ESR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), MiJssbauer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that superfine ferric oxide cluster interacts with the zeolite framework in the super-cage of Y-type zeolites [3,4]. Furthermore, we reported change in physicochemical properties and catalytic activities for toluene disproportionation during the sample preparation period[5]. It was revealed that the activation of the catalyst was closely related with interaction between the iron cluster and the zeolite framework. In this work, we will report the effect of preparation conditions on the physicochemical properties and activity for toluene disproportionation in the presence of 82. ... 

The super-adamantoid core of the [Ag6(triphos)4(CF3SO ")4]2+ cage. The broken lines indicate one of the two adamantane cores formed by silver ions and triflate ligands, whose F atoms have been omitted for clarity. From S. L. James, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White and D. Williams, Chem Commun., 2323-4 (2000). 

If mice are obtained commercially, allow them to adjust to their new light/ dark schedule for 3 4 d. To induce super-ovulation, inject female mice 3-6 wk of age with 0.1 mL intraperitoneally (ip) of PMS (50 IU/mL) in normal saline between 1 00 and 2 00 pm (on a standard 5 00 am to 7 00 pm light cycle). Two days later, between noon and 1 00 pm, inject 0.1 mL of hCG (50 IU/mL) in NS ip. Place injected females in cage with stud male and check for plugs the following day. 

It was emphasized that, in comparison to the short-lived and weak interact tions in isotropic solution, more intimate and long-lived interactions are expected to occur between a chiral inductor and an achiral, as well as chiral, substrate leading to an enhanced enantio- or diastereoselectivity in confined zeolite super cages. v ... 

Organic photochemical reactions conducted in micellar solutions are reviewed from the standpoint of systematizing and correlating published results. Five common effects are found to distinguish and characterize micellar photochemistry relative to conventional solution photochemistry super cage effects, local concentration effects, viscosity effects, polarity effects, and electrostatic effects. These effects can contribute to the occurence of enhanced selectivity and efficiency of photoreactions relative to those in conventional homogeneous solution. 

Zeolites are composed of crystals of alumino silicate with the size of 0.1-5 micron. The pores of HY type zeolites consist of super cages and windows (0.74 nm). ZSM-... 

As mentioned in Section 6.6, the author s group studied MFEs on a singlet-sensitized photodecompostion reaction of dibenzoylperoxide in toluene at room temperature with a small super-conducting magnets, whose maximum field was 4.3 T [1]. We found that the field of 4.3 T decreased the yield (Fc )of the cage product (phenyl benzoate) by 8+3 % and... 

Full-pressing. The most widely used Anderson screw-press for full-pressing is the Super Duo (Figure 12). This press has two shafts, one that prepresses, followed by one that presses out the rest of the fat. The first shaft is positioned vertically above the main (horizontal) shaft and force feeds it. The vertical shaft is often equipped with a drainage cage. It normally turns faster than the horizontal shaft and turns with opposite rotation compared with the horizontal. This helps the oilseed make the transition from the vertical barrel into the horizontal barrel. 

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