Cadmium kidney damage

Cadmium Kidney damage, hypertension, lung oedema, gastrointestinal disturbances, bone disorders... 

Cadmium Kidney damage Corrosion of galvanised pipes erosion of natural deposits discharge from metal refineries runoff from waste batteries and paints 5 3 5.0 0.09 0.6 ... 

The site of accumulation may define tlie point of toxic action. Inorganic mercury accumulation in the kidneys causes sever functional impairment Kidney damage has been shown to occur when the accumulated total of cadmium in the kidney cortex reaches 100-200 ppm... 

C04-0026. Cadmium ions are environmental pollutants found in mining waste, metal plating, water pipes, and industrial discharge. Cadmium ions replace zinc ions in biochemistry and cause kidney damage, high blood pressure, and brittle bones. Dissolved Cd " " impurities can be removed from a water sample... 

The binding of cadmium to metallothionein decreases toxicity to the testes but increases the nephrotoxicity, possibly because the complex is preferentially, and more easily, taken up by the kidney than the free metal. Dosing animals with the cadmium-metallothionein complex leads to acute kidney damage, whereas exposure to single doses of cadmium itself does not. 

In Febmary 1990 the Occupational Safety and Health Administration lU.S.) published a report llrat summarizes the history of cadmium regulation, studies of health problems, and risk calculations for cancer, kidney damage, and other disorders. This report represents a formal step toward implementation of stricter limits on cadmium exposure in the workplace. Some authorities admit that considerably more research is required. 

Dust (usually cadmium or cadmium oxide) irritates lungs. Swallowing any cadmium compound causes choking, stomach pains, vomiting, and diarrhea. Prolonged exposure to the dust may result in lung and kidney damage and discoloration of teeth. 

Cadmium exposure produces kidney damage and hypertension. 

Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essensial metal used in industry as an anti-corrosive agent, and is found as a contaminant in food and also in cigarette smoke. The most serious consequence of chronic Cd poisoning is lung- and prostate cancer but the first effect during chronic intake is kidney damage, manifested by marked proteinuria [164]. Under chronic exposure, cadmium is primarily taken up by the liver, where it induces synthesis of metallothionein (MT) and induces formation of cadmium-metallothionein complexes. 

Jarup L, Hellstrom L, AlfvenT, Carlsson MD, Grubb A, Persson B, Petterson C, SpSng G, Schultz A, ElinderC-G. Low level cadmium exposure and early kidney damage - the OSCAR study. Occup Environ Med 2000 57 668-672. 

Effects of non-occupational exposure to cadmium [51], itai-itai disease in particular [52, 53], were occasionally compared with kidney damage seen in Balkan nephropathy patients. In spite of some resembhng features, the idea of a common etiology between cadmium nephropathy (including itai-itai disease) and Balkan nephropathy was refuted [52, 54]. 

Urine is the most important excretion mechanism in humans. Urine concentration of cadmium increases with age and following kidney damage. Cadmium found on examination of hair is generally due to external contamination rather than internal absorption and distribution to the hair. 

Kidney damage is a delayed effect even after single doses, being due to the accumulation of cadmium in the kidney, as a complex with the protein metallothionein. Metallothionein is a low molecular weight protein (6500 Da) containing about 30% cysteine, which is involved with the transport of metals, such as... 

Cadmium affects adversely several important enzymes. It can cause also painful bone disease, osteomalacia, and kidney damage. Inhalation of cadmium oxide dusts and fumes results in cadmium pneumonitis, which are characterized by edema and pulmonary epithelium necrosis. 

Cadmium Elect roplating/plastics/pigments/ superphosphate fertilizers Kidney damage/emphysemaA>ossibly carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic... 

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