CAD Gene

Calculation of octanol/water partition coefficients. SciLogW for aqueous solubility prediction. SciPredictor for protein secondary structure and homology modeling. SciPolymer for polymer property estimation. PCs under Windows. CAD Gene for gene constructs. Macintosh. 

Higuchi, T., Ito, T., Umezawa, T., Hibino, T., and Shibata, D. (1994) Red-brown color of lignified tissues of transgenic plants with antisense CAD gene Wine-red lignin from coniferyl aldehyde. J. Biotechnol 37(2), 151-158. 

Smith, K, A, Gorman, P. A., Stark, M. B., Groves, R. P., Stark, G. R. (1990). Distinctive chromosomal structures are formed very early in the amplification of CAD genes in Syrian hamster cells. Cell, 63, 1219-1227. 

Both Type I and Type II cad genes are present in Scots pine... 

Kanamasa, S., Dwiarti, L., Okabe, M., and Park, E.Y. (2008) Cloning and functional characterization of the cis-aconitic acid decarboxylase (CAD) gene from Aspergillus terreus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 80, 223—229. 

In microbes without a permeability barrier, or when the barrier fails, a mechanism must be in place to export metals from the cytoplasm. These active transport systems involve energy-dependent, membrane-bound efflux pumps that can be encoded by either chromosomal- or plasmid-borne genes. Active transport is the most well-studied metal resistance mechanism. Some of these include the ars operon for exporting arsenic from E. coli, the cad system for exporting cadmium from Staphylococcus aureus, and the cop operon for removing excess copper from Enterococcus hiraeP i9A0... 

Coniferaldehyde (3.76) can undergo several fates, some of which can ultimately lead to the same end product. It can be reduced to coniferyl alcohol (3.79) by the enzyme cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD). Alternatively, the enzyme coniferyl aldehyde/coniferyl alcohol 5-hydroxylase (C5H), also known by its less accurate name ferulic acid 5-hydroxylase (F5H Humphreys et al., 1999) can catalyze the hydroxylation of C5 to result in 5-hydroxyconiferyl aldehyde (3.77). C5H is also able to form 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol (3.80) from coniferyl alcohol (3.79). This enzyme was initially identified as F5H, after analysis of the Arabidopsis ferulic acid hydroxylase 1 (fahl) mutant, which was isolated in a mutant screen based on reduced levels of the UV-fluorescent sinapoyl esters (Section 13 Chappie et al., 1992). The FAH1 gene was cloned using a T-DNA tagged mutant allele (Meyer et al., 1996), which revealed that the... 

One aspect shared with several other genes of the phenylpropanoid pathway is the transient induction after environmental challenge. This has also been demonstrated for chalcone synthase (Ryder et al., 1984) and chalcone isomerase (Cramer et al., 1985 Mehdy Lamb, 1987), enzymes involved in phytoalexin production, and for cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) an enzyme of lignin biosynthesis, in response to elicitor treatment of bean tissue culture cells (Grand et al., 1987). 

Cadherins. Cadherins are a group of glycoproteins that facilitate Ca2+-dependent cell-cell adhesive interactions.20 When cadherin function is disrupted, the release of a tumor cell can result. It was shown that the aggressive metastasis of undifferentiated epithelial carcinoma cells that had lost cell-cell adhesion could be stopped by transfection with E-cad-herin cDNA.21 Therefore, it was suggested that E-cadherin suppresses metastasis,22 which was further supported by more recent studies that showed the loss of adhesion of human gastric, prostatic, and lung cancer cells was due to the gene mutation of a protein associated with the proper function of cadherin.23... 

APOE has three common isoforms, namely, E2, E3, and E4, which are coded by the APOE alleles e2, e3, and e4 at a single locus on chromosome 19. The APOE gene has been extensively examined in populations worldwide for its association with an increased risk for CAD and AD [25, 34] and has also been evaluated in centenarian populations in different studies. 

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