Butyl acetate alcohol tertiary

The Claisen condensation of t-butyl acetate with a methyl ester is a general route for the preparation of complex P-ketoesters.4 The reaction requires an excess of the enolate of t-butyl acetate to rapidly deprotonate the product and prevent tertiary alcohol formation. Some workers have also used excess LDA or t-butoxide for this purpose. 

Finally, reaction of primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohols 11 with Me3SiCl 14 in the presence of equivalent amounts of DMSO leads via 789 and 790 to the chloro compounds 791 [13]. n-Pentanol, benzyl alcohol, yS-phenylefhanol or tert-butanol are readily converted, after 10 min reaction time, into their chloro compounds, in 89-95% yield, yet cyclohexanol affords after reflux for 4 h cyclohexyl chloride 784 in only 6% yield [13] (Scheme 6.5). 1,4-Butanediol is cyclized to tetrahydrofuran (THF) [13a], whereas other primary alcohols are converted in 90-95% yield into formaldehyde acetals on heating with TCS 14 and DMSO in benzene [13b] (cf also the preparation of formaldehyde di(n-butyl)acetal 1280 in Section 8.2.1). 

Esterification of linalool requires special reaction conditions since it tends to undergo dehydration and cyclization because it is an unsaturated tertiary alcohol. These reactions can be avoided as follows esterification with ketene in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst below 30 °C results in formation of linalyl acetate without any byproducts [71]. Esterification can be achieved in good yield, with boiling acetic anhydride, whereby the acetic acid is distilled off as it is formed a large excess of acetic anhydride must be maintained by continuous addition of anhydride to the still vessel [34]. Highly pure linalyl acetate can be obtained by transesterification of tert-butyl acetate with linalool in the presence of sodium methylate and by continuous removal of the tert-butanol formed in the process [72]. 

A solution of about 10 parts of tertiary-butyl acetyl chloride in 45 parts of dry chloroform is added portionwise to a cold solution of 25 parts of AM-3,20-diketo-lip,17a,21-trihydroxy-pregnadiene(prednisolone) in 125 parts of anhydrous pyridine. The resulting solution is allowed to stand for about 15 hours at 0° to 5°C, and the reaction solution is poured into 750 parts of water. The resulting aqueous mixture is extracted four times with 250 parts of chloroform each extraction. The combined chloroform layers are washed with water, dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, water, 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, and finally with water. The chloroform extract is dried over magnesium sulfate, and the chloroform is evaporated in vacuo to give a residual oil. This oil is triturated with alcohol until it crystallizes, and is then recrystallized from ethanol to give substantially pure AMS O-diketo-lip,17a,21-trihydroxy-pregnadiene21-tertiary-butyl acetate. 

Olefins add anhydrous acetic acid to give esters, usually of secondary or tertiary alcohols propylene [115-07-1] yields isopropyl acetate [108-21-4], isobutylene [115-11-7] gives / /7-butyl acetate [540-88-5]. Minute amounts of water inliibit the reaction. Unsaturated esters can be prepared by a combined oxidative esterification over a platinum group metal catalyst. For example, ethylene-air-acetic acid passed over a palladium—lithium acetate catalyst yields vinyl acetate. 

Acetylation of alcohols and phenols by ketene has limited use. Unless apparatus for the preparation of ketene is readily available, less troublesome methods can usually be found. Worthy of mention, however, are the acetylations of lactic esters in 94-98% yields and of tertiary alcohols and phenols in 89-96% yields.Catalysts are necessary even to convert a high percentage of n-butyl alcohol to n-butyl acetate. Sulfuric and p-toluenesulfonic acids are commonly used. Certain aldehydes and ketones are attacked by ketene. Acetates of enol forms of ketones may be made in this way. ° Under certain conditions / -lactones are formed (cf. method 327),... 

Acylation of tertiary alcohols6 [1, 106, before references]. Tertiary alcohols can be esterified with carboxylic acids or anhydrides in good yield in the presence of calcium hydride or calcium carbide. /-Butyl acetate is obtained in 80% yield from f-butanol and acetic anhydride. 17a-Methyltcstosterone is acetylated in 89-96% yield. 

McGregor DB, Cruzan G, Callander RD, May K, Banton M (2005) The mutagenicity testing of tertiary-butyl alcohol, tertiary-butyl acetate, and methyl tertiary-butyl ether in Salmonella typhimurium. Mutat Res 565 181-189... 

The most important solvents to be treated are the light alcohols, ethanol, the propanols, and butanols. Other solvents are esters like ethyl and butyl acetate, ketones like acetone, butanone (MEK) or methyl isobutyl ketone, ethers like tet-rahydrofuran (THF) or methyl tertiary butyl ether, or acetonitrile, or mixtures of these solvents. The selectivity of the polymeric membranes for all components in such mixtures is high and fairly similar, multicomponent mixtures can thus... 

FIGURE 7 Generic solvent-exchange method, direct injection GC/FID. From bottom to top blank injection and GC volatiles test solution. Peaks I, methanol 2, n-pentane 3, ethanol 4, acetone 5 isopropyl alcohol 6, acetonitrile 7, methyl acetate 8, methylene chloride 9 methyl tertiary butyl ether 10, n-hexane 11, propanol 12, methyl ethyl ketone 13, ethyl acetate 14, sec-butanol 15, tetrahydrofuran 16, cyclohexane 17, hexamethyidisiloxane 18, benzene 19, n-heptane 20, butyl alcohol 21, 1,4-dioxane 22, methyl isobutyl ketone 23, pyridine 24, toluene 25, isobutyl acetate 26, n-butyl acetate 27, p-xylene 28, dimethylacetamide 29, solvent impurities. 

Tertiary alcohols have been esterified in good yield using acetic anhydride with calcium hydride or calcium carbide. f-Butanol can be esterified to f-butyl acetate in 80% yield under these conditions. High pressure (15 kbar) has been used to introduce the acetate group using acetic anhydride in methylene chloride. Yields range from 79-98%. Chemoselectivity is achieved using acetic anhydride and boron trifluoride etherate in THF at 0 °C. Under these conditions, primary or secondary alcohols are acetylated in the presence of phenols. ... 

Predominantly racemic alcohol is formed by the Iqrdrolysis of optically active methylethylisohexyl carbinylacetate in an aqueous solution of dioxane. The optically active alcohol itself is very slowly racemized under these conditions (medium, acid). Esters of tertiary alcohols, for example, tert-butyl acetate in aqueous solutions, are hydrolyzed by the. 4al1 mechanism. This is related to a relative stability of terti-... 

Methyl acrylate, 28.0 g (0.4 mol) was added dropwise during one hour to a solution containing 54.8 g (0.4 mol) of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) and 10 ml of glacial acetic acid in 400 ml of tertiary butyl alcohol. The resulting solution then was heated for 18 hours on a steam bath. Concentration of the reaction mixture to 100 ml yielded 13.0 g of unreacted isonicotinic acid hydrazide. The filtrate was concentrated to a thick syrup which was triturated... 

Methanol, CH3OH, the simplest alcohol, is made by reacting CO and H2 at high pressures over a catalyst. Methanol is a liquid at room temperature and is highly toxic. It is used to make formaldehyde, acetic acid, and other chemical intermediates. It is also used as a feedstock for MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether), a gasoline-blending component. 

Buffer solution - dissolve 6.0 g ferric nitrate, Fe(N03)3.9FH20, and 0.15 g silver nitrate, AgNOj, in water and make up to 100 ml add this to a solution of 5.0 g potassium acetate in 500 ml glacial acetic acid in a 2-1 beaker and stir to mix. Add 400 ml 2-methylpropan-2-ol (tertiary butyl alcohol, (CH3)3C0H this solidifies s25.5°C, therefore it may need warming to melt before use), and stir to mix. Store in a brown glass bottle. 

Deoxygenation of esters. Esters can be reduced to hydrocarbons by (QH5)3SiH in the presence of a radical generator, di-f-butyl peroxide, at 140°. Highest yields are obtained with acetates yields based on the alcohol decrease in the order secondary > primary > tertiary. Other silanes are much less effective than triphenylsilane, which is required in excess for high yields. Radical initiators such as AIBN or benzoyl peroxide are not useful.1... 

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