Brown earths

The belt is mainly represented by Temperate Forest ecosystems on forest-steppe soils (Brown Earth). The analyses of selenium content in various links of the biogeochemical food web (rock, water, soils, grains, hair, etc.) has shown that these... 

Soils of class 3 include Lateritic Red Earth in the areas southward from the Nanling Mountain, Red Earth and Yellow Earth between the Nanling Mountain and the Changjiang (Yangtzee) River, Yellow-Brown Earth in the lower reaches of the Changjiang(Yangtzee) River, Subalpine Meadow soil and Alpine Meadow soil on the Plateau of Tibet. 

Figure 11.5 Fourier transform infrared spectra of three brown earth soils under different land use.

Figure 11.11 Canonical variate plots showing increases in discrimination among three visually similar topsoils as soil attributes (analyses) are combined. A is a cultivated podzol/improved pasture B is a brown earth/improved pasture and C is a brown earth/seminatural grassland. Four replicate values sampled 4 m apart plus 90% confidence ellipses.

Fig. 1-2. Chromium, copper and nickel contents of genetic soil horizons of a brown earth and a podsol. In the podsol there is a marked depletion of metals in A horizons compared with B horizons whereas differences are less pronounced in brown earths (data from Finch et al., 1964 and Swaine and Mitchell, 1960).

Ilmenanum Iron, melted from a chestnut brown earth. 

Oades J. M., VassaUo A. M., Waters A. G., and Wilson M. A. (1987) Characterization of organic matter in particle size and density fractions from a red-brown earth by sohd-state carbon-13 NMR. Austral. J. Soil Res. 25(1), 71—82. 

Except for the formic acid extraction, < all the other methods yielded approximately the same amount of polysaccharide. However, even after more than 20 successive extractions of a Swiss brown-earth (Braunerde) with acid, water, and alkali, further extracts gave a positive anthrone reaction for sugars. " The extraction of polysaccharides is probably made difficult by their interaction with inorganic surfaces and humic substances. 

Brown earth was being flung in monstrous handfuls. And there was a massacre of the young blades of grass. They were being torn, burned, obliterated. Some curious fortune of the battle had made this gentle little meadow the object of the red hate of the shells, and each one as it exploded seemed like an imprecation in the face of a maiden. 

Based on the mineralogy controlling weathering and soil development, sensitivity of ecosystem to acid deposition is assessed with a comprehensive consideration on the effect of temperature, soil texture, land use and precipitation. The results show that the most sensitive area to acid deposition in China is Podzolic soil zone in the Northeast, then followed by Latosol, Dark Brown Forest soil and Black soil zones. The less sensitive area is Ferralsol and Yellow-Brown Earth zone in the Southeast, and the least sensitive areas are mainly referred to as Xerosol zone in the Northwest,... 

Umber A brown earth, highly valued by artists as a permanent pigment and used either In the raw state or calcined. 

A brown earth that is darker in color than OCHER and SIENNA because of its content of manganese and iron oxides and is highly valued as a permanent PIGM ENT either in the raw or CALCINED state. 

Tab. 4.2 Sulfur content (gg g ) of sulfur fractions in the humus layer and mineral soil of a brown earth under a spruce stand in the Tharandt Forest. (After Klinger 1995.)...

Tab. 4.3 Concentrations of macro elements in an acid gneiss podzol-brown earth of the Tharandt Forest, eastern Ore Mountains in Saxony. Total and with NH4CI extractable element contents. (After Klinger 1995.)...

The subsoils of yellow-brown earths (rainfaH above 35 inches), according to Fieldes... 

Highly weathered IV Oxidized till and surficlal material Strong oxidation colours High rotten boulder content Leaching of most primary carbonate Prismatic gleyed jointing Pedological profile usually leached brown earth 3... 

Greene, R. S. B., Rengasamy, P., Ford, G. W., Chartres, C. J. Miller, J. J. (1988). The effect of sodium and calcimn on physical properties and micromorphology of two red-brown earth soils. Journal of Soil Science, 39, 639-648. 

According to Palomino in El museo pictorico y la escala optica (1715 24), this is a brown earth, dark in tone and somewhat roughly divided. The term literally means old man s earth , having been discovered in these provinces by an old man (cf. tr. Vehz, 1986). 

CLARKE A.L., GREENLAND D.J. and QUIRK J.P. 1967. Changes in some physical properties of the surface of an impoverished red-brown earth under pasture. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 59-69. 

TISDALL J.M. and OADES J.M. 1980. The effect of crop rotation on aggregation in a red-brown earth. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 1, 423-433. 

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