Bromide therapy

Bromide therapy introduced by Lacock as a sedative and anticonvulsant for treatment of epilepsy... 

Hall SK. Acute angle-closure glaucoma as a comphcation of combined beta-agonist and ipratropium bromide therapy in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 1994 23(4) 884-7. 

E674 Rothenberg, D.M., Bems, A.S., Barkin, R. and Glantz, R.H. (1990). Bromide intoxication secondary to pyridostigmine bromide therapy. JAMA 263, 1 Hill 22. 

Bromide therapy introduced by Lacock as a sedative and anticonvulsant for treatment of epilepsy Discovery of Stassfurt salt deposits opened the way for bromine production (for photography and medicine) as a by-product of potash... 

The addition of ipratropium bromide to inhaled p2-agonist therapy in acute severe asthma improves pulmonary function and decreases hospitalization rates in both adult and pediatric patients.31 The benefit of combining ipratropium and albuterol appears to be greatest in moderate to severe exacerbations, and the combination should be considered first-line therapy in severe exacerbations. 

Inhaled ipratropium bromide is only indicated as adjunctive therapy in severe acute asthma not completely responsive to / -agonists alone because it does not improve outcomes in chronic asthma. Tiotropium bromide has not been studied in asthma. 

Gilreath JP, Motis TN, Santos BM, Noling JW, Locascio SJ, Chellemi DO (2005) Resurgence of soilbome pests in double-cropped cucumber after application of methyl bromide chemical alternatives and solarization in tomato. Hort Technology 15 797-801 Gokte N, Mathur VK (1995) Eradication of root-knot nematodes from grapevine rootstocks by thermal therapy. Nematologica 41 269-271... 

Pyridostigmine About twelve years ago, the U.S. military provided pyridostigmone bromide as a pretreatment for nerve agent exposure. Each trooper received a blister pack containing twenty-one 30-mg tablets for a dose regimen of one 30-mg tablet every eight hours. When given before soman exposure and when that exposure is followed by the standard MARK I therapy, the use of this pretreatment will increase the LD-50 several fold over the LD-50 obtained without the use of the pretreatment. When soman is the nerve... 

Radon can be isolated from radium by several methods. An aqueous solution of radium salt such as radium bromide is heated, liberating radon. Radioactive bombardment then decomposes water to oxygen and hydrogen. Radon is separated from the gaseous mixture by condensation in tiny tubes placed in liquid air. The tubes then are sealed by melting. A gold or platinum coating is applied to form the radon seeds used in radiation therapy. 

Keam SJ, Keating GM. Tiotropium bromide. A review of its use as maintenance therapy in patients with COPD. Treat Respir Med. 2004 3 247-268. 

Ethidium bromide is a common fluorescent stain for nucleic acids, ft is reported to have significant anti-tumor and anti-viral properties. However, its potential applications in human therapy are prevented, due to its mutagenic and carcinogenic activities in model organisms. 

Anecdotal evidence suggests that potassium bromide may be useful in horses when phenobarbital therapy is ineffective (J. Bertone, personal communication, 2001). The suggested dose is 35mg/kg orally every 24 h. The therapeutic range is suggested to be approximately 1-2 mg/ml in combination with phenobarbital and up to 3 mg/ml when used as monotherapy (Trepanier et al 1998). 

Ipratropium bromide is used in inhalation therapy to produce dilation of bronchial smooth muscle for acute a.sthmatic attacks. The drug produces bronchodilation by competitive inhibition of cholinergic receptors bound to smooth mu.scle of the bronchioles. Ipratropium may also act on the surface of mast cells to inhibit ACh-enhanced release of chemical mediators. The drug has a. slow onset of action, within S to l. i minutes after being admini-steted by inhalation, and should not be used alone for acute asthmatic attacks. The peak therapeutic effect from one dose is ob.scrvcd between I and 2 hours. The effects of the drug last for about 6 hours. It has a half-life of 3.S hours. 

Potassium borate Lavage with 2% sodium bicarbonate solution and administer 10-50 ml of 10% sodium thiosulfate solution intravenously at the rate of 3 ml min to reduce the bromate to the less toxic bromide ion. An alternative therapy is the administration of 100-500 ml of 1% sodium thiosulfate. Patients should be observed for development of renal toxicity and ototoxicity. 

Pyridostigmine bromide is available as a pretreatment for GD and possible GA exposures, but not for GB and VX. It is available in 30 mg tablets, which should be administered every 8 h. When used prior to exposure, it should be followed by atropine and pralidoxime chloride after exposure. LD50 values in animals were increased several-fold and survival rates were also increased in experiments with GD and these therapies. 

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