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Magnetic brain stimulation

One might have thought that d Arsonval s discovery would be sufficient to generate further studies of brain function by magnetic stimulation, but the technical solutions to this had to wait for the best part of the twentieth century until 1985 when Anthony Barker and colleagues at the University of Sheffield successfully stimulated the motor cortex and pro-... [Pg.176]

The clinical neuroscience community was quick to pick up on the importance of this discovery and Barker s Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) was soon widely used to measure nerve conduction velocities in clinical and surgical settings. However, it is not in the clinical domain that magnetic stimulation provides the most excitement magnetic stimulation is a tool with which to discover new facts about brain function and it has already delivered in many areas. [Pg.177]

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a novel treatment for psychiatric illness (George et ah, 1999 Pridmore and Belmaker, 1999). In the procedure, a current is passed around an insulated coil held in contact with the patient s head, causing a magnetic field to pass into the first few millimeters of cortex. Unlike ECT, a specific area of the brain is stimulated, the procedure does not require a general anesthetic, and a seizure does not occur. [Pg.383]

A new method has been developed for stimulation of the brain trans-cranial magnetic stimulation [TMS]. Magnetic stimulation of the brain may offer a means to examine the importance of the convulsion for ECT effects. TMS is a novel noninvasive method for the stimulation of neurons (for review, see Barker 1991]. High electrical current flow in a spiral of wire induces a magnetic field. The magnetic field produces an electric field that initiates ion flow and consequent membrane depolarization directly in brain tissues. Therefore, magnetic stimulation of deep structures may be achieved with relatively little induced current in the skin or skull and without convulsions [Barker 1991]. [Pg.190]

Only few direct electrophysiological reports of TMS effects on neural activity exist. Effects of TMS on both inhibition and stimulation of neurons are based on indirect electromyographic studies (Ferbert et al. 1992 Pascual-Leone et al. 1994 Valls-Sole et al. 1992 Valzania et al. 1994]. For better comprehension of the neural basis of TMS effects on rat behavior, it is useful to study the effects of the magnetic stimulation on activity of neurons. In this chapter, we report that rapid TMS affects rat behavioral models for ECT. We used rat brain slices for comparison of the behavioral effects with direct effects of rapid TMS on neurons. Some of the above behavioral studies (Fleischmann et al. 1994, 1995] have been reported elsewhere in partial form. [Pg.192]

Kramer MS, Cutler NR, Ballenger JC, et al A placebo-controUed trial of L-365,260, a CCKB antagonist, in panic disorder. Biol Psychiatry 37 462-466, 1995 Krauss GL, Fisher RS Cerebellar and thalamic stimulation for epilepsy, in Electrical and Magnetic Stimulation of the Brain and Spinal Cord. Edited by Devinsky O, Beric A. New York, Raven, 1993, pp 231-245 Krell RD, Goldberg AM Effect of acute and chronic administration of lithium on steady-state levels of mouse brain choline and acetylcholine. Biochem Pharmacol 22 3289-3291, 1973... [Pg.677]

Pascual-Leone A, Valls-Sole J, Wassermann EM, et al Responsiveness to rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex. Brain 117 847-858, 1994... [Pg.715]

Triggs W, Cros D, Macdonell RA, et al Cortical and spinal motor excitability during the transcranial magnetic stimulation silent period in humans. Brain Res 628 39-48, 1993... [Pg.757]

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), whereby a pulsed magnetic field creates current flow in the brain and can temporarily excite or inhibit specific areas, is being developing as an analytically and therapeutically useful non-invasive tool for studying the human brain. Tlie application of TMS to the motor cortex can produce a muscle twitch or may... [Pg.95]

Mark Hallett, Tianscranial magnetic stimulation and the human brain. Nature, 406 (2000), 147-150. [Pg.289]

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Deep Brain Regions... [Pg.443]

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Deep Brain Regions Evidence for Efficacy of the H-Coil... [Pg.584]

Kaneko K., Kawai S., Fuchigami Y., Morita H., and Ofuji A. The effect of current direction induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation on the corticospinal excitability in human brain. Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol. 1996 101 478 82. [Pg.595]

Roth Y., Zangen A., and Hallett M. A coil design for transcranial magnetic stimulation of deep brain regions. /. Clin. Neurophysiol. 2002 19 361-370. [Pg.596]

Stokic D.S., McKay W.B., Scott L., Sherwood A.M., and Dimitrijevic M.R. Intracortical inhibition of lower limb motor-evoked potentials after paired transcranial magnetic stimulation. Exp. Brain Res. 1997 117 437 3. [Pg.596]

Terao Y, Ugawa Y, Hanajima R., et al. Predominant activation of Il-waves from the leg motor area by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Brain Res. 2000 859 137-146. [Pg.596]

Tofts RS. The distribution of induced currents in magnetic stimulation of the brain. Phys. Med. Biol. 1990 35 1119-1128. [Pg.596]

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.176 , Pg.179 , Pg.180 ]



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