Deep structure

A new method has been developed for stimulation of the brain trans-cranial magnetic stimulation [TMS]. Magnetic stimulation of the brain may offer a means to examine the importance of the convulsion for ECT effects. TMS is a novel noninvasive method for the stimulation of neurons (for review, see Barker 1991]. High electrical current flow in a spiral of wire induces a magnetic field. The magnetic field produces an electric field that initiates ion flow and consequent membrane depolarization directly in brain tissues. Therefore, magnetic stimulation of deep structures may be achieved with relatively little induced current in the skin or skull and without convulsions [Barker 1991]. 

Deep stratigraphy Six deep boreholes (down to 50 m below the surface) allowed reconstruction of the deep structure of the area (Fig. 15.3). Four horizons (R, A, B, and C) were identified. Horizon R has a thickness that varies from 3 to 11 m, made up of a cover of anthropogenic debris and reworked pyroclastics. Horizon A has a variable thickness ranging from 4 to 10 m, made up of a coarse, ash-rich pyroclastic deposit (with a granulometry of medium- to very fine sand). Horizon B, classified as... 

Goncharov VP, Neprochnov YuP, Neprochnova AF (1972) Topography and Deep Structure of the Black Sea Basin. Nauka, Moscow (in Russian)... 

A second group of reactions concerns rearrangements, occurring mostly in the cyclic Mannich base, which may generate deep structural modifications of the molecule. Due to its relevance in the synthesis of alkaloids, the tandem cationic ara-Cope reairangc-mcnt-Mannich cyclization (Fig. 68) is the most widely studied of this class of... 

With all of the preceding in mind, we now advance to our own version of the Coordinative Conditions and their interrelationships. Our operational premise has been that cognitive categories, memories, mentation, and even archetypal deep structures are phenomena whose genesis is to be sought in conformational changes at the molecular level specifically, that such mental phenomena reflect dynamic processes and structural modifications mediated by DNA during the performance of its function of... 

Simons F. J., ZieUiuis A., and van der Hilst R. D. (1999) The deep structure of the Australian continent from surface wave tomography. Lithos 48, 17-43. 

Dawson J. B. and Smith J. V. (1987) Reduced sapphirine granuhte xenohths from the Lace Kimberhte, South Africa impheations for the deep structure of the Kaapvaal Craton. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 95, 376—383. 

Operto S. and Charvis P. (1996) Deep structure of the southern Kerguelen Plateau (southern Indian Ocean) from ocean bottom seismometer wide-angle seismic data. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 25077-25103. 

This quantity is less sensitive to the effect of shallow subsurface anomalies, so it is particularly useful for the detection of deep structures. 

For a convex square or rectangular structure, etch undercutting occurs at corners which can be a problem in etching of deep structures. The amount of corner undercutting is proportional to the depth of the etching feature as shown in Fig. 7.46/ Such clear proportionality is due to the definite etch rate of the particular fast etch planes in the etchant. Because the fast etchant planes are etchant-specific, surfaces that define the etched corner may be different depending on the etchant. The planes are found to be 331 in KOH-propanol-H20 etchant.They are 411 planes in pure KOH solu-... 

The Kaapvaal Project was vmdertaken to study the formation, stabilization and evolution of cratons, and to image the deep structure of the tectosphere (Carlson et al. 1996) (see also http // www.ciw.edu/kaapvaal for participants and a description of the project). A cornerstone of the Kaapvaal Project was a large-scale broadband seismic experiment designed specifically for geo-logical-scale imaging of the crust and upper mantle beneath the cratons and adjacent Proterozoic provinces of southern Africa (Fig. 1). The... 

Anderson, D. L. 1979. The deep structure of continents. Journal of Geophysical Research, 84(B13), 7555-7560. 

Jaupart, C. Mareschal, J. C. 1999. The thermal structure and thickness of continental roots. In VAN DER HILST, R. D. McDONOUGH, W. F. (eds) Composition, Deep Structure and Evolution of Continents. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 93-114. 

Babuska, V. Plomerova, J. 1989. Seismic anisotropy of the subcrustal lithosphere in Europe another clue to recognition of accreted terranes In HillhouSE, J. W. (ed.) Deep Structure and Past Kinematics of Accreted Terranes. Geophysical Monograph, American Geophysical Union, 50, 209-217. 

Novak, O., Ritter, J. R. R., Altherr, R. 6 others 1997. An integrated model for the deep structure of the Chyulu Hills volcanic field, Kenya. Tectonophysics, in%, 187-209. 

Thomas, M. D. 1990. Deep structure of the Middle Proterozoic anorthositic intrusions in the eastern Canadian Shield insights from gravity modeling.-... 

Pfiffner, O.A., Erard, P.F. Stauble, M. (1997) Two cross sections through the Swiss Molasse Basin (Lines E4-E6, Wl, W7-W10). In Deep Structure of the Alps, Results ofNRP20 (Eds Pfiffner, O.A., Lehner, P., Heitz-mann, P., Mueller, St. Steck, A.), pp. 64-72. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel. 

The dianion also undergoes, in Acetonitrile solution, an irreversible one-electron reduction (Ep = — 1.57 V), likely causing a deep structural modification to a species, able to undergo almost reversibly, a further one-electron reduction (E" = - 1.68 V). 

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