Botanical Name

Allyl IS derived from the botanical name for garlic Allium sativum) It was found in 1892 that the major component obtained by distilling garlic oil is H2C=CHCH2SSCH2CH=CH2 and the word a//y/was coined for the H2C=CHCH2— group on the basis of this origin... 

Commercial name Source Botanical name of plant Growiag area... 

Gloves. The clove spice is the dried unopened buds of the evergreen tree, Eugenia caryophyllus Thumb (Myrtaceae). This tree is also called Sj gium aromaticum L. Other botanical names are used, but some discrepancies exist as to the proper nomenclature. The tree is indigenous to the Molucca Islands. 

Common name Botanical name Principal geographic occurrence Uses... 

Botanical names are printed in italics. Prefixes snch as nor-, iso-, proto-, apo-, are printed in italics and disregarded for indexing purposes.- Where more than one page number is given, a chief descriptive reference is indicated hy the use of heavier type.)... 

Botanical Name Common Name Main Component Source... 

Figure 4.4 The general protocol for information extraction from an herbal text (A-E) is paired with case examples from our work with the Ambonese Herbal by Rumphius. (A) Text is digitized. (B) Through either manual reading or automated extraction the plant name(s), plant part(s), and symptoms or disorders are identified. (C) These extracted data are then updated (as necessary) to reflect current names of the plants, using the International Plant Names Index (IPNI), and the pharmacological function(s) of the described medicinal plants are extrapolated from the mentioned symptoms and disorders. (D) The current botanical names are queried against a natural products database such as the NAPRALERT database to determine whether the plant has been previously examined. (E) Differential tables are generated that separate the plants examined in the literature from plants that may warrant further examination for bioactivity. (Adapted from Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, with permission.) See color plate.

Common name Botanical name Use Elevation(m) Min Max Temperature(°C) Months Min Max (mm year ) Min Max ... 

Name Botanical name Total carotenes (mg/100 g FW) /J-carotene (mg/100 g FW)... 

Henbane is a biennial herb growing wild in Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa, and cultivated in several other countries (Robbers et al. 1996). The ancient Egyptians mention its use in the Ebers Papyrus, written circa 1500 B.C.E. (Shultes and Hofman 1992). It was also mentioned in writings by the ancient Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides for its medicinal uses. It has been suggested that the Oracle of Delphi inhaled smoke from henbane seeds to induce a prophetic trance. The plant is poisonous to livestock animals, as indicated by its common name henbane, and by its botanical name hyoscyamus, meaning "hog bean."... 

This family takes its botanical name, Brassicaceae, from the genus—Brassica—to which so many of its members belong. This diverse group, which includes annuals, biennials, and perennials, would all, ultimately, produce the same, characteristic flower, with the four petals arranged in a cross (another name for this family is Cruciferae). The same four-petal arrangement can be seen in ornamental members of the brassica family, such as wallflowers. 

The beet family is botanically named the Chenopodiaceae, or goosefoot family. As well as the crops below, it includes the grain quinoa, and several "edible weeds" such as fat hen, which loves the fertile soil in a vegetable garden. 

The members of this family—botanically named the Solanaceae, after the nightshade plant—are all valued for their fruits, with the exception of the potato, where it is the tubers that are eaten. Potatoes do bear small, green tomato-like fruits, but these are poisonous, and should never be eaten. The family includes ... 

The correct botanical name of this pantropical flowering plant is Catharanthus roseus G. Don. A commonly used name is Vinca rosea L. 

Plate 1. Ethnobotany and Background. Convolvulaceae, the botanical name for the morning glory family, derives from the Latin convolve, referring to its growth of intertwining vines (A Heavenly blue, Ipomoea tricolor). The purgative properties of the Mexican roots were readily accepted in Europe when introduced in the sixteenth century, since pre-Christian folk tradition had already proclaimed the virtues of skammonia as found in Dioscorides work De Materia Medica, ca. 50-68 a.d. 

The botanical name Convolvulaceae for the morning glory family derives from the Latin convolvo, meaning interlaced, and describes a growth pattern of intertwining vines wrapping around a support, and is characteristic of the majority of the species... 

Herbal substances are defined as aU mainly whole, fragmented or cut plants, plant parts, algae, fungi, lichen in an unprocessed, usually dried form, but sometimes fresh. Certain exudates that have not been subjected to a specific treatment are also considered to be herbal substances. Herbal substances are precisely defined by the plant part used and the botanical name according to the binomial system (genus, species, variety and author). 

The botanical names of plants are cited in accordance with the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) as described, for example, [231]. 

Brazilian sassafras oil is obtained by steam distillation of the roots, trunks, and branches of Ocotea pretiosa (Nees) Mez. (Lauraceae) a tree growing wild in South America (Brazil). The oil was formerly called Ocotea cymbarum oil due to incorrect botanical naming. It is a yellow to brownish liquid with the characteristic odor of safrole. 

Common name Botanical name Family Major cyanogenic glycoside present... 

Plants Botanical names (Family) Main constituents Uses... 

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