Bone morphogenic protein BMP

The hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, otherwise known as the statins, have been found to increase bone formation via enhanced activity of the bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene. This gene increases osteoblast differentiation. In addition, by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, the statins not only prevent the biosynthesis of cholesterol but also prevent the formation of compounds associated with osteoclast activation (45). Unfortunately, clinical data... 

Kim SE, Song S-H, Yun YP, Choi B-J, Kwon IK, Bae MS, et al. The effect of immobilization of heparin and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) to titanium surfaces on inflammation and osteoblast function. Biomaterials 2011 32 366-73. 

A number of delivery systems have been developed for the controlled release of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2). For example, calcimn phosphate cement-based materials have shown the ability to deliver recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to increase alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro,and enhance bone formation both ectopically and in an ulna osteotomy model. In addition to cement-based systems, polymeric materials have also been heavily researched as potential delivery vehicles of BMP-2. Saito et al. have developed a temperature sensitive poly(D,L-lactic acid-polyethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) block copolymer as an... 

Collagen fibrils provide the scaffolding for formation of bone, whose composition is considered on pp. 440-443. Bone develops under the influence of bone morphogenic proteins BMP-2 to BMP-7.413-415 Most of these are cytokines of the TGF-(f family. Noggin... 

The fact that a single BMP/OP initiates bone formation by induction does not preclude the requirement for interactions with other morphogens deployed synchronously and synergistically during the cascade of bone formation by induction, which may proceed via the combined action of several BM Ps/OPs resident within the natural milieu of the extracellular matrix of bone [15, 25]. Partially purified preparations from bone matrix are known to contain, in addition to specific BM Ps/OPs, several other proteins and some as yet poorly characterized mitogens [28]. Indeed, 90 days after implantation, regenerated tissue induced by 2.5 mg of partially purified BM Ps/OPs combined with gamma-irradiated matrix, had mineralized bone and osteoid volumes comparable to specimens induced by 0.5-mg hOP-1 devices (Fig. 1) [15]. 

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