Blood sugar depressants

In vivo assays were (a) mouse convulsion and (b) blood sugar depression. 

I-Methyl-4-[3(5)-pyrazolyl]quinolinium iodides (688) also failed to depress blood sugar levels significantly (69JMC1124). Neuroleptic-like effects of some /3-aminoketones (689) containing a pyrazole nucleus have been described in the literature (B-80MI40406). The... 

Adverse reactions occurring in 3% or more of patients include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, tiredness, asthenia, blurred vision, headache, nervousness, confusion, dry mouth, nausea, constipation, dyspepsia, unpleasant taste, purpura, bone marrow depression, leukopenia, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, elevation and lowering of blood sugar levels, and weight gain or loss. 

The metabolic effects of morphine are not marked and are clinically unimportant. The metaholic rale may be decreased slightly due to the lowered activity and tone of the skeletal muscles resulting front the central depression. A rise in blood sugar may be observed after the injection of... 

Benzothiophenes, (in), prepared by Yamasaki (2) and thiazole-benzoisothiazole dioxide derivatives, (IV), prepared by Petry (3) were effective as cGMP-PDE inhibitors and used as blood sugar level-depressing agents in the treatment of insulin resistance syndrome associated with Type II diabetes. 

Hormonal imbalances are often linked with depression, and rapid blood sugar fluctuations are often finked with hormonal imbalances. When we consume... 

Of the 2,100,000 diagnosed diabetics in the United States today, 45% are on oral drugs, 33% are on insulin, and 22% are on diet alone. Approximately one million Americans take either tolbutamide or chlorpropamide every day as primary therapy for their diabetes mellitus. The sulfonylureas represent a very significant contribution to medical therapy. That guanidine bases depress blood sugar was first reported in 1918 by Watanabe (27). The real story of the antidiabetic sulfonamides began in 1942. 

Roots (India) An ethanolic extract of root significantly lowered blood sugar in fasted rats and depressed (he peak value in glucose loaded rats [138],... 

Pyrazoles and Isoxazoles- Further in vitroand in vivo25, 26 studies have been conducted with 5-methylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (VIII). This compound is known to depress blood sugar levels in fastedi glucose-primed rats by a mechanism which may be secondary to its depression of plasma... 

An alternative approach is based on the theoretical foundation described earlier for the colligative properties. If the solution is isotonic with blood, its osmotic pressure, vapor pressure, boiling-point elevation, and freezing-point depression should also be identical to those of blood. Thus, to measure isotonicity, one has to measure the osmotic pressure of the solution and compare it with the known value for blood. However, the accurate measurement of osmotic pressure is difficult and cumbersome. If a solution is separated from blood by a true semipermeable membrane, the resulting pressure due to solvent flow (the head) is accurately measurable, but the solvent flow dilutes the solution, thus not allowing one to know the concentration of the dissolved solute. An alternative is to apply pressure to the solution side of the membrane to prevent osmotic solvent flow. In 1877, Pfeffer used this method to measure osmotic pressure of sugar solutions. With the advances in the technology, sensitive pressure transducers, and synthetic polymer membranes, this method can be improved. However, results of the search for a true semipermeable membrane are still... 

A similarly depressing picture exists with tumours in the brain. Conventional anticancer chemotherapy often cannot penetrate the barrier to attack the tumour. The CNS, however, does require low-molecular-weight molecules to grow and function and these small polar molecules (e.g. amino acids, sugars) have their own transport proteins located at the blood-brain barrier that act to transfer the essential compound through the barrier in a process called carrier-mediated transport. 

---