Black reference plate

Reflectance values on Cobas Ready as on any diffuse reflector are measured as the quantities of light reflected from a reagent layer saturated with a serum sample (/,) or from a white or black reference plate (/ and 4), each normalized to the incident light intensity monitored by the reference photodetector... 

Fig. 7 Bottom UVA6s absorption (left) and fluorescence spectra right) in chloroform. Blue l l-Mixture of 12b and 12c, red 12b, turquoise 12c, brown 12a, black reference of standard perylene dyes (1). Top CD spectra of 12b (red) and 12c (turquoise) in chloroform and neglible CD effect of the enantiomers 10b (orange) and 10c (green) (See also Plate 7 in the Colour Plate Section)...

Fig. 3.21 Example of temperature variation as measured by MIMOS II temperature sensors on MER (i) inside the rover body at MIMOS electronics board (black curve), (ii) outside the rover, at the MIMOS II SH (green and red curves), which is at ambient Martian temperature (a) inside the sensor-head, at the reference absorber position (green), (b) outside the SH at the sample s contact plate (red). Temperatures at the two SH positions are nearly identical (difference less than 2 K). During data transmission between the rover and the Earth (or the relay satellite in Mars orbit) the instrument is switched off resulting in immediate small but noticeable temperature changes (see figure above)...

One of the problems which must be solved for quantitative measurements by emission is the need for a blackbody source at the temperature of measurement. And a variety of blackbody references have been used including a V-shaped cavity of graphite 164), a metal plate covered with a flat black paint1S6 160) and a cone of black paper l53). However, none of these methods of producing a blackbody reference spectrum are adequate. In most cases the efficiency of the reference has not been established. The most recent recommendation 1S0) is an aluminium cup painted with an Epley-Parsons solar black lacquer which has an emittance of greater than 98% over the infrared spectral range. 

Fig. 14.19 (a) 96-well microtiter plate used for cyclic voltammetric redox screening of Ru(II) complexes light grey, reference wells (filled with 0.5mM Fc solution) open circles wash wells (filled with 0.1 M NBu4PF6/CH3CN electrolyte and no redox species) black sample wells with Ru complexes (b) Schematic of used Ru(II) complexes in this study (Figure reprinted from Lindner et al.71 Copyright Elsevier B.V. (2005).)... 

Sulfuric acid is a good dehydrating agent and will char most organic compounds, producing a black spot. Spray the LOWER HALF of the plates, but don t dry them. Look at them with both uv radiation and no uv radiation. Refer to Table 30-3, p. 606. Record what you see. 

J) Noblesville H chondrite - note that the fusion crust is thin and smooth (as it is on most meteorites) and has an usual dark brown color on top which grades to black on the other exposed surfaces (contrast with the Lafayette fusion crust in Plate 2). The broken surface next to the 1-cm cube shows the interior of this gas-rich regolith breccia. (Reproduced with permission from reference 1. 

FIGURE 21.14 Total (a) estimated energy consumption (MJ/kg battery) and (b) GHG emissions of BEV batteries made from virgin materials (solid black line) with recycled cathode materials with recycled aluminum with recycled copper and with recycled cathode material, copper, and aluminum. (For color version, refer to the plate section.)... 

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