Bisphenol A derivatives

Epichlorohydrin and Bisphenol A-Derived Resins. The most widely used epoxy resins are diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A [25068-38-6] (1) derived from bisphenol A [80-05-7] and epichlorohydrin [106-89-8],... 

The bisphenol A-derived epoxy resins are most frequendy cured with anhydrides, aUphatic amines, or polyamides, depending on desired end properties. Some of the outstanding properties are superior electrical properties, chemical resistance, heat resistance, and adhesion. Conventional epoxy resins range from low viscosity Hquids to soHd resins. 

The cycloahphatic products are generally Hquids of lower viscosity than the standard glycidyl ether resins. The peroxidized resins contain no chlorine and low ash content and their ring-contained oxirane group (cyclohexene oxide type) reacts more readily with acidic curing agents than the bisphenol A-derived epoxy resins. 

Epichlorohydrin and Bisphenol A-Derived Resins. Liquid epoxy resins maybe synthesized by a two-step reaction of an excess of epichl orohydrin to bisphenol A in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. The reaction consists initially in the formation of the dichi orohydrin of bisphenol A and further reaction by dehydrohalogenation of the intermediate product with a stoichiometric quantity of alkaH. 

Hay et al.w,n have prepared high-molecular-weight a Bisphenol-A-derived poly(formal) (6) using a phase-transfer catalyst in DCM. A Bisphenol-AF-derived poly(formal) (7) is also synthesized by solution polycondensation of Bisphenol AF (1) with DCM in highly polar cosolvents in the presence of potassium hydroyxide (Scheme 3).12 Aprotic polar solvents such as A/W-dimethylformamide... 

Bisphenol-A-derived poly(formal) (6) shows poor solubility and is only soluble in dichloromethane, chloroform, THF, HMPA, and NMP. However, poly(formal)s containing the Bisphenol AF moiety are easily soluble in a wide variety of organic solvents, such as acetone, ethyl acetate, benzene, toluene,... 

Figure 9.1. TG-DTA curves for Bisphenol A-derived poly(formal) (A) and Bisphenol AF-derived poly(formal) (AF).

Bisphenol A-derived epoxy resins, 10 356 Bisphenol A epoxy novolacs, 10 370 Bisphenol A manufacture, microporous catalysts and, 14 420 Bisphenol A moiety, 10 355-356 Bisphenol A polycarbonate (BPA-PC),... 

The PEs of BPA and BP-5 in a normal experimental medium, 5% CDFBS-supplemented medium and synthetic ITDME medium are presented in Table 7.3.5. The addition of 0.1 p.M BPA to 10% CDHuS or 5% CDFBS supplemented medium increases cell proliferation as effectively as estradiol. BPA was also tested in the presence of an antiestrogen, producing inhibition of the PE associated with BPA. The PEs of chlorinated bisphenols are shown in Table 7.3.5. It was significantly greater than one for all the compounds tested. In comparison with the RPE of estradiol, all the positive compounds showed a full to partial agonistic response, producing cell yields that ranged from 85% of estradiol-induced yield for bisphenol-A to 30% for the bisphenol-A derivative tetrachlorine. 

Diphenylmethanes DDTs > bisphenol A derivatives > benzophe-nones, Cl and methane position and at 4-position on each aromatic ring... 

Epichlorohydrin and Bisphenol A-Derived Resins. The most widely used epoxy resins are diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A... 

A kinetic study of the acylation of phenol with phenyl acetate was carried out in liquid phase at 160°C over HBEA zeolite samples, sulfolane or dodecane being used as solvents. The initial rates of hydroxyacetophenone (HAP) production were similar in both solvents. However the catalyst deactivation was faster in dodecane, most likely because of the faster formation of heavy reaction products such as bisphenol A derivatives. Moreover, sulfolane had a very positive effect on p-HAP formation and a negative one on o-HAP formation. To explain these observations as well as the influence of phenol and phenyl acetate concentrations on the rates of 0- and p-HAP formation it is proposed that sulfolane plays two independent roles in phenol acylation solvation of acylium ions intermediates and competition with phenyl acetate and phenol for adsorption on the acid sites. Donor substituents of phenyl acetate have a positive effect on the rate of anisole acylation, provided however there are no diffusion limitations in the zeolite pores. 

The initial rates of HAP production are similar in sulfolane and in dodecane (Fig 1). However, after 5 hours reaction in dodecane a constant value of the HAP yield of around 12% is obtained. In sulfolane the HAP yield increases more significantly with time and reaches a constant value, at a longer reaction time (after proximately 20 hours HAP yield = 23 %). Therefore, the catalyst deactivation is faster in dodecane than in sulfolane. Figure 2 shows that the selectivity to heavy reaction products (bisphenol A derivatives etc.) which can poison the... 

Initial rates of reaction, catalyst stability, and product distribution depend very much on solvent polarity [3,12,13]. Polar solvents such as sulfolane significantly promote the formation of the para products (e. g. (p-HAP -t- p-AXAP)/o-HAP = 7.5 compared with 0.8 with dodecane as the solvent) and also limit the formation of heavy reaction products such as bisphenol A derivatives, and hence catalyst deac-... 

Triglycidylp-AminophenoI DerivedResins. Resins derived from triglycidyl -aminophenol [5026-74-7] originally developed by Union Carbide Corp. (7) are currendy marketed by CIBA-GEIGY. Synthesis is conducted by reaction of epichlorohydrin with the phenoHc and amino groups followed by dehydrohalogenation. The product is a viscous Hquid (1.5-5 Pa-s (15—50 P) at 25 C) which is considerably more reactive toward amines than standard bisphenol A-derived resins. The epoxy equivalent weight is 105—114. 

Synthesis of the polymeric Schiffbase complexes 4 (see Eq. 6-3) A mixture of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, a metal complex and tetrabutylammon-ium hydroxide was degassed under vacuum and then cast into a mold and cured by heating in a hot-air oven. The completeness of curing was confirmed by the disappearance of the epoxy group absorption at 917 cm in IR spectra. With a molar ratio of metal complex bisphenol A derivative tetra-butylammonium hydroxide = 1 6 0.2 the curing was carried out at 160 °C for 4 h. 

Chem. Descrip. Bisphenol A deriv. diacrylate monomer Uses Monomer for inks and varnishes... 

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