Biotechnological production producer strains

Initially, P. putida strains were evaluated as degrader for aromatic xenobi-otics in bioremediation processes [38, 128, 129], as plant-growth promoting microorganism [130], as well as biocontrol agent [131]. Today, P putida is regarded as an efficient producer for biotechnological production of a broad portfolio of biopolymers, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals [11]. However, most... 

In this context, the applications of PyMS in biotechnology are of particular interest. The technique has been used to detect and measure the level of metabolites produced in cell culture, such as indole produced by cultured Escherichia coli cells grown in different types of media, and to predict the yield of recombinant protein in culture systems, such as E. coli producing recombinant cytochrome B5 or a-interferon. An analogous application is the use of PyMS to profile drugs and their metabolic breakdown products in serum (e.g., cyclosporin, vancomycin), or to profile microbial isolates for novel drug-producing strains. 

Biotechnological production problems like product toxicity have traditionally been addressed by random mutagenesis by physical or chemical methods. One example of a successful application of mutagenesis is the creation of a hyper-butanol-producing strain C. beijerinckii BAIOI. This strain was created from C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 by chemical mutagenesis using Af-methyl-A -nitro-A -nitrosoguanidine. The mutant strain had an increased tolerance to butanol at 19 g/L... 

From this one ancestral fungus each penicillin manufacturer has evolved a particular production strain by a series of mutagenic treatments, each followed by the selection of improved variants. These selected variants have proved capable of producing amounts of penicillin far greater than those produced by the wild strain, especially when fermented on media under particular control conditions developed in parallel with the strains. These strain selection procedures have become a fundamental feature of industrial biotechnology. 

---