Bionolle Poly

Bionolle is an aliphatic polyester as shown in Fig. 2. We have two grades for Bionolle poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(butylene succinate/adipate) (PBSA), the copolymer of 1,4-butandiol and succinic acid/adipic acid. We call PBS the 1000 series, and PBSA the 3000 series. PBSA with higher adipic acid content is the 5000 series. 

Bionolle Poly(butylene succinate) SK Polymers, Korea, www.skchemicals.com Showa Highpolymer, www.shp.co.jp Industrial compost... 

Bionolle PBSU poly(butylene succinate) Bionolle PESU poly(ethylene succinate), ref. 110. eEastar Bio poly(tetramethylene adipate-co-terephthalate), ref. 457. 

Bionolle is a copolymer of 1,4-butanediol and succinic acid (i.e., poly(butylene succinate), PBS) or 1,4-butanediol and both succinic and adipic acid (i.e., poly(butylene succinate/adipate), PBSA) developed by Showa Denko. It can be considered to be one of the frontrunners in packaging applications [160]. Bionolle is... 

Co)polyesters derived from poly(butylene succinate) Showa (Bionolle)... 

Fig. 23 Normalized weight losses for PBSA, poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene sebacate BSe), Bionolle, polyhydroxybut5rate and poly(hydroxybutyrde-co-hydroxyvalerate) 76/24 film samples in soil burial tests for 15 days (RizzareUi et al. 2004)...

Du C, Lin SKC, Koutinas A, Wang R, Webb C (2007) Succinic acid production from wheat using a biorefining strategy. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 76 1263-1270 Fujimaki T (1998) Processability and properties of aliphatic polyesters, BIONOLLE , synthesized by polycondensation reaction. Polym Degrad Stab 59 209-214 Gan ZH, Abe H, Kurokawa H, Doi Y (2001) Solid-state microstructures, thermal properties, and crystallization of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and its copolyesters. Biomacromolecules 2 605-613... 

Ishii N, Inoue Y, Tagaya T, Mitomo H, Nagai D, Kasuya KI (2008) Isolation and characterization of poly(butylene succinate)-degrading fungi. Polym Degrad Stab 93 883-888 Ishioka R, Kitakuni E, Ichikawa Y (2002) Aliphatic polyesters Bionolle . In Doi Y, Steinbiichel A (eds) Biopolymers, polyesters III applications and commercial products, vol 4. Wiley, New York, pp 275-297... 

Another class of soft aliphatic polyesters are based on repeating succinate units such as PBSU, poly(butylene succinate adipate) (PBSA), and poly(ethylene succinate) (PES). Each of these succinate-based aliphatic polyesters are manufactured by Showa High Polymer, Ltd. and are sold imder the trade name Bionolle . Glass transition temperatures (Tg) and melting points (T ) of tree types are shown in Table 4.6. 

PHBV - poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-valerate), Monsanto (Biopol D400G, HV 7%) PLA - polyOactic acid), Dow-Cargill (Nature Works) PCL - polycaprolactone, Solvay (CAPA 680) PEA - polyesteramide, Bayer (BAK 1095) PBSA - poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate), Showa (Bionolle 3000) PBAT - aromatic copolyester, Eastman (Eastar bio 14766). 

Bionolle 1000 Poly(butylene succinate) PBS Showa Highpolymer Japan www.shp.co.jp... 

Polybutylene succinate (PBS) has a melting temperature of 114°C, and crystallises at about 75°C. Blown films have mechanical properties similar to LDPE films [51]. Incorporation of adipic acid in poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene-adipate) (PBSA) increases the degradation rate by lowering the crystallinity. PBS and PBSA are marketed by Showa Denko under the trade name Bionolle [52]. 

Poly-butylene Bionolle Showa 3000 Fibers, film. Development... 

Notes Bionolle is poly alkylen-succinates Tone is poly-e-caprolactone Ecopla is poly-lactic acid BAK is polyester amides 16% V (hydroxy valerate)... 

Ethylenediamine-Ar,N -disuccinic (EDDS) acid is a chelator that can be used in detergents and is a potential replacement for ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (Lin et al. 1996). It is also biodegradable, and various optical isomers have different susceptibilities to biodegradation (Takahashi et al. 1997). Succinic acid also can be used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastic. A novel biodegradable plastic, called Bionolle, invented in the early 1990s is based on poly(butylene succinate), poly (butylene adipate succinate), or poly(ethylene succinate). These plastics have been produced on a pilot plant scale and show good processability. They can be processed with conventional equipment and can be made into products such as bottles and foam (Fujimaki 1998). A copolymer can be made with succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol (Takiyama and Fujimaki 1994). Bionolle has been shown to be biod adable in a variety of environments. 

Synthetic Biodegradable materials ( ) -1- BAK 1095 polyester amide (Bayer, G) -2-ECOFLEX 1,4 butandiol adipinic-dicarbonic and terephthalate copolyester (BASE, G) -3- EASTAR 14766 poly(tetramethylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Eastman, USA) -4- Bionolle 3000 polybutylene succinate/adipate (Showa, Japan). 

Based on current standard testing methods and specifications, several renewable resource polymers may be considered biodegradable, the foremost being starch blends, cellulosic derivatives, polyhydroxyalkanoates and poly(lactic acid). Several new and old condensation polymers based on monomers obtained from fossil resources, such as polycaprolactone and the Bionolle series from Japan (Showa High Polymers) based on suucinic acid, are also acceptable by current standards, as are there blends with natural polymers such as starch. 

---