Biomedical applications nanowires

Felton EJ, Reich DH (2007) Biological applications of multifunctional magnetic nanowires. In Labhasetwa V, Leslie-Pelecky DL (eds) Biomedical applications of nanotechnology. Wiley, Hoboken, pp 1-22 doi 10.1002/9780470152928 chi... 

Among other reports, the DNA-templated Cu nanowire fabrication by electroless metallization100 or biotemplate synthesis of 3-nm nickel and cobalt nanowires, which may find reality in biomedical applications,101 should be mentioned. 

Semiconducting silicon nanowires for biomedical applications Edited by J.L. Coffer... 

In this chapter we study the overview of the various naturally and artificially prepared self-assembled nanostructures which are currently very important and in demand in biomedical applications, for example, bone tissues, natural laminated composites present in sea shells, peptide chain arrays and their derivatives and cell membranes are naturally self-assembled materials. And Langmuir—Blodgett films, surfactant-directed nonporous materials, and molecularly directed films, composites, nanombes, nanofibrils, nanowires, spherical vesicles, and template-assisted growth are artificially prepared self-assembled nanostructures. Here we discuss in brief the synthesis of those nanostructures which exist in nature and are prepared artificially to fulfill certain requirements (Figure 2.1). 

Nanotechnology development has allowed that nanomaterials can be used in biomedical applications, and nanometer sized objects can interact with biological entities like cells, virus, protein, enzyme, etc. For this reason, many research projects has been focused in the development of nanosystems, nanoparticles and nanodevices for this applications. This area is relatively new, according to the ISI web of knowledge, the publications of the nanoparticles for biomedical applications started on 2000 year, and since that time they have increased exponentially (Figure 1). The nanoparticles (NPs) used for biomedical purposes generally include zero-dimensional nanospheres and one-dimensional nanowires and nanotubes. 

Tang YH, Sham TK, Jurgensen A, Hu YF, Lee CS, Lee ST (2002) Phosphorus-doped silicon nanowires studied by near edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Appl Phys Lett 80 3709-3711 Teo BK, Sun XH (2007) Silicon-based low-dimensional nanomateiials and nanodevices. Chem Rev 107 1454-1532 Thanh NTK, Green LAW (2010) Fnnctionalisation of nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Nano Today 5 213-230... 

Gold nanoclusters are primarily used to catalyze the growth of nanowires (via VLS or SLS routes), and are also utilized for biomedical applications such as targeted drug deUvery agents. As discussed in Chapter 6, a number of techniques may be used to synthesize metallic nanoclusters. In this experiment, a gold precursor is transformed into nanoclusters with diameters < 2 nm via a two-step reaction. The first step consists of phase-transfer into an organic layer where it reacts with triphenyl-phosphine. In the second step, the mixture is reduced by sodium borohydride. 

Biomedical nanoengineering is a very broad yet deep multidisciplinary field, and cannot be fuUy covered in this chapter. This chapter is only to offer abasic understanding of this emerging field for the professionals and public with different backgrounds. It will mainly discuss biologically functional nanomaterials such as dendrimers, single crystal nanoparticles and nanowires, and fuUerenes and carbon nanotubes, and their biomedical applications mainly in the prevention, diagnostics, and treatment of diseases. 

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