Nanowires, applications

In nanowire applications such as AFM tips, NEMS, and MEMS, which make use of mechanical properties, it is crucial to have a good understanding of the evolution of elastic properties all the way down to the nanoscale. Elastic properties that are ordinarily under investigation include elastic moduli, plasticity, crack propagation, buckling, and breaking points. 

In general, nanotechnology MBBs are distinguished for their unique properties. They include, for example, graphite, fullerene molecules made of various numbers of carbon atoms (C60, C70, C76, C240, etc.), carbon nanotubes, nanowires, nanocrystals, amino acids, and diamondoids [97]. All these molecular building blocks are candidates for various applications in nanotechnology. 

Goebl JA, Black RW, Puthussery J, Gibhn J, Kosel TH, Kuno M (2008) Solution-based II-VI core/shell nanowire heterostructures. J Am Chem Soc 130 14822-14833 Hoffmann MR, Martin ST, Choi W, Bahnemann DW (1995) Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chem Rev 95 69-96... 

Porous Membranes of Nanoparticies from Templating Against AAO Membranes Using LB Technique. AAO-porous substrate has broad applications in making metal and semiconductor nanowires, aligned mesostructured nanorods, inorganic nanotubes. 

Zeolites have ordered micropores smaller than 2nm in diameter and are widely used as catalysts and supports in many practical reactions. Some zeolites have solid acidity and show shape-selectivity, which gives crucial effects in the processes of oil refining and petrochemistry. Metal nanoclusters and complexes can be synthesized in zeolites by the ship-in-a-bottle technique (Figure 1) [1,2], and the composite materials have also been applied to catalytic reactions. However, the decline of catalytic activity was often observed due to the diffusion-limitation of substrates or products in the micropores of zeolites. To overcome this drawback, newly developed mesoporous silicas such as FSM-16 [3,4], MCM-41 [5], and SBA-15 [6] have been used as catalyst supports, because they have large pores (2-10 nm) and high surface area (500-1000 m g ) [7,8]. The internal surface of the channels accounts for more than 90% of the surface area of mesoporous silicas. With the help of the new incredible materials, template synthesis of metal nanoclusters inside mesoporous channels is achieved and the nanoclusters give stupendous performances in various applications [9]. In this chapter, nanoclusters include nanoparticles and nanowires, and we focus on the synthesis and catalytic application of noble-metal nanoclusters in mesoporous silicas. 

Environmental applications Oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [114] Decomposition of organic dyes [115] Removal of aqueous phenol [116] Superwetting nanowire membranes for selective absorption [117]... 

Felton EJ, Reich DH (2007) Biological applications of multifunctional magnetic nanowires. In Labhasetwa V, Leslie-Pelecky DL (eds) Biomedical applications of nanotechnology. Wiley, Hoboken, pp 1-22 doi 10.1002/9780470152928 chi... 

Apart from the traditional organic and combinatorial/high-throughput synthesis protocols covered in this book, more recent applications of microwave chemistry include biochemical processes such as high-speed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [2], rapid enzyme-mediated protein mapping [3], and general enzyme-mediated organic transformations (biocatalysis) [4], Furthermore, microwaves have been used in conjunction with electrochemical [5] and photochemical processes [6], and are also heavily employed in polymer chemistry [7] and material science applications [8], such as in the fabrication and modification of carbon nanotubes or nanowires [9]. 

There are more issues and complexity to be considered if various micro-electromechanical (MEMS)-type devices are included in the macroelectronics tool kit. As described previously, the materials and devices required for TFTs and circuits can provide adequate electromagnetic (visible and RF) sensitivity for many image-type applications. These materials may also provide satisfactory performance in pressure and strain sensors. Nanotube/nanowire-based devices look promising for various chem-bio sensors.85 However, there is little that is known about the ability to integrate printed microfluidic devices (and other such devices with moving parts) into a roll-to-roll-type process. 

The range of Ti02 ID material (nanorods, nanofibers and nanowires) which have been reported in the literature is therefore increasing exponentially, although their characteristics in relation to catalytic applications are not always clear. It is also surprising the still very limited effort to use these materials for preparing catalysts. The few attempts to use them as photocatalysts should deserve further attention. 

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