Biomedical and pharmaceutical applications

Somsen, G.W., deJong, G.J. (2002). Multidimensional chromatography biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, in Multidimensional chromatography. Mondello, L., Lewis, A.C., Bartle, K.D., editors. John Wiley Sons, Ltd., New York. 

Recently, many studies have focused on self-assembled biodegradable nanoparticles for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Nanoparticles fabricated by the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers or hydrophobically modified polymers have been explored as drug carrier systems. In general, these amphiphilic copolymers consisting of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments are capable of forming polymeric structures in aqueous solutions via hydrophobic interactions. These self-assembled nanoparticles are composed of an inner core of hydrophobic moieties and an outer shell of hydrophilic groups [35, 36]. 

V.P. Wallace, PE. Taday, A.J. Fitzgerald, R.M. Woodward, J. Cluff, P.J. Pye and D.A. Arnone, Terahertz pnlsed imaging and spectroscopy for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, Faraday Discuss., 126, 255-263 (2004). 

The short working distance, high NA sampling configuration is ideal for measuring liquids or powders, where the presentation of the sample to the probe is fixed and consistent. However, it fails for solid samples that cannot be brought close to the probe, have uneven surfaces, or whose position cannot be controlled accurately. It should be noted that many of the biomedical and pharmaceutical applications in this book would fall into this category. 

Fiber-Optic Raman Probes for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications... 

The major problem associated with Raman probes is that Raman signals are generated by the fibres themselves. The signal is proportional to the length of the fibre and to the excitation light intensity. It can have magnitudes equal to and often greater than that of the sample under study [66]. The development of fibre optic Raman probes for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications is discussed further in Chap. 2. 

In this contribution we present the unique potential of the above-mentioned Raman spectroscopic techniques for viral and microbial studies in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. 

Kishida, A., and Y. Ikada. 2002. Hydrogels for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. In Polymeric biomaterials, 2nd ed., ed. S. Dumitriu, 133. New York Marcel Dekker. 

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