Biomacromolecules molecular recognition

Akiyoshi K, Maruichi N, Kohara M, Kitamura S. Amphiphilic block copol3mier with a molecular recognition site induction of a novel binding characteristic of amylose by self-assembly of polyfethylene oxidej-fetock-amylose in chloroform. Biomacromolecules 2002 3 280-283. 

Recently, a new bioinformatics approach aiding the mapping of molecular recognition was developed. This technology, which does not necessarily require knowledge of the 3 D structure of the biomacromolecules, was termed proteochemo-metrics (abbreviated PCM) [3], Proteochemometrics contrasts with most previous bioinformatics approaches in that it starts with information derived from the chemical properties of the biomolecules. This chapter deals with various aspects of proteochemometrics, including its foundation, technical aspects of its use, examples of its application, and its potential for the future. 

Fig. 4 Mobile cyclic compounds enhance molecular recognition. Cyclic compounds can rotate and/or slide along a polymeric chain in the structure of polyrotaxanes, and the mobility of ligands linked by the cyclic compounds play a key role in enhancing multivalent interaction with biomacromolecules. This concept can be used in sugar recognition and plasmid DNA polyplex formation [7]...

Harnessing entropically controlled phenomena, such as molecular recognition and self-assembly, can also result in energy savings. After all, it is because of intermolecular interactions that nature is able to produce such highly complicated and organized structures as biomacromolecules at ambient temperature and in aqueous media. 

It is hard to find a topic in supramolecular chemistry that has not been touched, even briefly, by calixarenes or related macrocycles. This justifies the fact that we were compelled to give only a short summary of the properties of classical calixarenes as molecular receptors for ions and neutral molecules or as scaffolds for the construction of multivalent ligands able to interact with biomacromolecules. We believe, indeed, that these two aspects are the most peculiar and remarkable features of calixarenes, on which a variety of other complex supramolecular functions can be built. The future will certainly be bright for this class of synthetic macrocycles as their molecular recognition and scaffolding properties are likely to be exploited in the classical ways and also in novel forms within the framework of the third developing phase of supramolecular chemistry, namely, constitutional dynamic chemistry and adaptive chemistry. ... 

Yamaguchi H, Kobayashi Y, Kobayashi R, Takashima Y, Hashidzume A, Harada A (2012) Photoswitchable gel assembly based on molecular recognition. Nat Commun 3 603 Yan B, Boyer J-C, Habault D, Branda NR, Zhao Y (2012) Near infiared light triggered release of biomacromolecules from hydrogels loaded with upconversion nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 134 16558... 

Wisse, E., Spiering, A.J.H., vanLeeuwen, E.N.M. et al. (2006b) Molecular recognition in poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-based thermoplastic elastomers. Biomacromolecules, 1,3385-3395. 

The molecular imprinting strategy can be applied for the recognition of different kinds of templates from small organic molecules to biomacromolecules as proteins. Some examples of separations investigated with MIP monoliths in CEC and LC are shown in Table 2. The influence of the imprinted monolithic phase preparation procedure and of the separation conditions on the selectivity and chromatographic efficiency have been widely studied [154, 157, 161, 166, 167, 192]. The performance of imprinted monoliths as chromatographic stationary phase has also been compared to that of the traditional bulk polymer packed column [149, 160]. It was shown that the monolithic phases yielded faster analyses and improved chiral separations. 

Inspired by Staudinger s vision [1], mimicking the size and eventually the function of biomacromolecules has been a dream of chemists for decades [76]. This requires not only giant molecular structures to be generated, whose dimensions are on the order of tens and even himdreds of nanometers, but also that these man-made objects should have a useful, predetermined shape. Last, but not least, at both the periphery and the interior they should contain functionalities such as recognition or catalytically active sites. Moreover, their interaction with solvents, in particular water, should be controlled and exploited in their self-organization. It is evident that successful projects in this direction will have considerable impact on both biological and materials sciences. 

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