Biofuels feedstock production

Acheampong E, Campion BB. The effects of biofuel feedstock production on farmers hvehhoods in Ghana the case of Jatropha curcas. Sustainability 2014 6(7) 4587—607. 

Supporting R D activities in the several stages of feedstock production, processing, and biofuel logistics and final use, including management and capacity building. Systematic assessment of environmental and social impacts of the biofuel production chain. 

Industry and Business Sectors. The major products of the biofuel industry are ethanol, biodiesel, and biogas therefore, research in industry has concentrated mainly on these biofuels. Some small businesses in the biofuel industry include startup research and development companies that study feedstocks (such as cellulose) and approaches for production of biofuels at competitive prices. These companies, many of which are funded by investment firms or government agencies, analyze biofuel feedstocks, looking for new feedstocks or modifying existing ones (corn, sugarcane, or rapeseed). 

There is a very wide range of potentially valuable extracts from plant biomass. Many of these are specific to particular genera or species. Others are found quite widely across the plant kingdom. Ingredients fi om a specific type of plant, e.g. a natural product pharmaceutical ingredient, will normally be extracted in a dedicated facility, which is unlikely to form part of a biorefmery. However, more generic materials found in many types of plant particularly crops associated with biofuel feedstocks e.g. maize, wheat and OSR could be extracted. 

Com oil is used in industry mainly in two applications As a food and biofuel feedstock. Some other notable uses are soap making, mstproofing, medicine and insecticide production. Some important uses of com oil are explained in detail as following. 

Byrt CS, Grof CPL, Furbank RT. 2011. C4 Plants as Biofuel Feedstocks Optimising Biomass Production and Feedstock Quality from aLignoceUulosic Perspective. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 53(2) 120-135. 

Vandenbrink JP, Delgado MP, Frederick JR, Feltus FA. 2010. A Sorghum Diversity Panel Biofuel Feedstock Screen for Genotypes with High Hydrolysis Yield Potential. Industrial Crops and Products 31(3) 444-448. 

The need to meet environmental regulations can affect processing costs. Undesirable air emissions may have to be eliminated and Hquid effluents and soHd residues treated and disposed of by incineration or/and landfilling. It is possible for biomass conversion processes that utilize waste feedstocks to combine waste disposal and treatment with energy and/or biofuel production so that credits can be taken for negative feedstock costs and tipping or receiving fees. 

Biofuels rely on organic feedstocks such as plant oil, food wastes and trees but their larger scale and rapid exploitation to meet government targets is stressing large areas of land and associated systems such as water, food production and recreation. A truly sustainable future for biofuels and other eco-system exploitation for industrial value requires a better understanding and more quantitative assessment of a number of critical issues ... 

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