Biofuels carbon monoxide

There are three ways to use biomass. It can be burned to produce heat and electricity, changed to gas-like fuels such as methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, or converted to a liquid fuel. Liquid fuels, also called biofuels, are predominantly two forms of alcohol ethanol and methanol. Because biomass can be converted directly into a liquid fuel, it could someday supply much of our transportation fuel needs for cars, tmcks, buses, airplanes, and trains. This is veiy important because nearly one-third of our nation s energy is now used for transportation. 

The Kyoto protocol had identified the development of an alternative biofuel from biomass as one of several areas deserving of research support, since this type of renewable fuel could help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The use of bioethanol as a viable motor fuel to replace or augment gasoline is an attractive component of an integrated strategy to reduce the release of detrimental hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, and aromatics (2-3). 

The air flow should be controlled. Too little oxygen means incomplete combustion and leads to the production of carbon monoxide. Too much air is wasteful since it carries away heat in the flue gases. Modern systems for burning biofuels include large boilers with megawatt outputs of heat. 

Munasinghe, P. C., Khanal, S. K. (2012). Syngas fermentation to biofuel evaluation of carbon monoxide mass transfer and analytical modehng using a composite hollow fiber (CHF) membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 122, 130—136. 

Biogas Biofuel that contains a mixture of methane (50-75 percent), carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide. 

Abubackar, H.N., Veiga, M.C., Kennes, C., 2011. Biological conversion of carbon monoxide rich syngas or waste gases to bioethanol. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 5 (1),... 

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