Biochemical oxygen demand characterization

This treatment process employs the use of physical operations such as screening and sedimentation to partially remove suspended solids and organic matter from the wastewater. This process provides the secondary treatment with wastewater that is partially free of solids, in order to facilitate further treatment. The effluent from the primary treatment contains primarily organic matter and is characterized by a relatively high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).2... 

Galindo E, Garcia JL, Torres LG, Quintero R (1992) Characterization of microbial membranes used for the estimation of biochemical oxygen demand with a biosensor. Biotechnol Techniques 6 399-404... 

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is arguably the oldest total parameter used for the characterization of water quality. It was introduced in the first decade of the twentieth century as a test for the organic pollution of rivers. BOD is the amount of oxygen in mg L 1 required for the oxidation of the organic matter contained in water by biological action under standardized test conditions (usually a temperature of 20°C and an incubation time of 5 days).8 9 The test is often used to evaluate the efficiency of wastewater treatment processes. 

According to Epolito et al. [19] under typical dyeing conditions, up to 50% of the initial dye concentration remains in the spent dye bath in its hydrolyzed form. Thus after dyeing wastewaters are characterized not only by intensive and difficult colour removal but also by high pH, suspended and dissolved solids, chemical and biochemical oxygen demands. Typical characteristics of raw textile wastewaters are presented in Table 4 [12-14, 20, 21]. 

Wastewaters from paper factories containing dyes particularly aniline and sulfur ones are generated from the paper treatment process consisting in the addition of fillers and dyes to the bleached cellulose material. As a result of multi-stage purification of wastewaters from the cellulose plants, there is obtained a low value of BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) - 4 mg/L but COD (chemical oxygen demand) is maintained on the level 75 mg/L. These waste-waters contain a small amormt of suspended matter - 5 mg/L, but they are characterized by intensive colour - 40 mg Pt/L [21]. 

Refinery wastewater includes runoff water, process water, and domestic water. Typically, according to the use, the wastewater can be characterized by significant concentrations of suspended solids, chemical and biochemical oxygen demand (COD, BOD), oil and grease, sulfide, ammonia, phenols, hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heavy met-ais.90,91 jjjg typical treatment of petrochemical wastewater includes ... 

Organic Compounds Biochemical Oxygen Demand Chemical Oxygen Demand on Pollution Microbiological Algal and Microbial Toxins Particle Characterization... 

See also Extraction Solid-Phase Extraction Solid-Phase Microextraction. Gas chromatography Overview. Liquid Chromatography Overview. Mass Spectrometry Overview. Water Analysis Seawater - Organic Compounds Seawater - Dissolved Organic Cartxjn Biochemical Oxygen Demand Chemical Oxygen Demand Particle Characterization. 

S. Rastogi, A. Kumar, N.K. Mehra, S.D. Makhijani, A. Manoharan, V. Gangal, and R. Kumar. Development and characterization of a novel immobilized microbial membrane for rapid determination of biochemical oxygen demand load in industrial waste-waters. Biosens. Bioelectron., 18 23-29, 2003. 

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