Biochemical Features

The major biochemical features of neutrophils are summarized in Table 52-8. Prominent feamres are active aerobic glycolysis, active pentose phosphate pathway, moderately active oxidative phosphorylation (because mitochondria are relatively sparse), and a high content of lysosomal enzymes. Many of the enzymes listed in Table 52-4 are also of importance in the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils (see below). Table 52-9 summarizes the functions of some proteins that are relatively unique to neutrophils. 

Table 52-8. Summary of major biochemical features of neutrophils.

Khan MTH (2007) Recent Advances on the Sugar-Derived Heterocycles and Their Precursors as Inhibitors Against Glycogen Phosphorylases (GP). 9 33-52 Khan MTH (2007) Heterocyclic Compounds Against the Enzyme Tyrosinase Essential for Melanin Production Biochemical Features of Inhibition. 9 119-138 Khan MTH (2007) Molecular Modeling of the Biologically Active Alkaloids. 10 75-98 Khan MTH, Ather A (2007) Microbial Transformation of Nitrogenous Compoimds. 10 99-122... 

Heterocyclic Compounds against the Enzyme Tyrosinase Essential for Melanin Production Biochemical Features of Inhibition... 

On the other hand various nonphysiological chemicals were identified as inhibitors of PHA synthases such as, for example, phenazine methosulfonate. None of these chemicals specifically inhibit PHA synthases and they are therefore not suitable for application in strategies to enrich mutants with altered PHA metabolism or altered PHA synthase activity. These inhibitors are only interesting in that they reveal some biochemical features of the enzymes. 

Lipid biochemical features are changed by fatty acid modification... 

Table III compares the biochemical features of the B-amylase which was purified to homogeneity from C. thermosulfurogenes (74). The enzyme is a tetrameric glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 210,000. The thermophilic B-amylase binds tightly to raw starch presumably by glycoconjugate forces and it is still active while bound to starch (75). This feature has been used for improved affinity purification of the enzyme using raw starch (76).

Table in. Biochemical Features of Thermophilic fi-amylase PuriBed from C. thermosulfurogenes (14)... 

Table IV shows the biochemical features of thomostable a-glucosidase purified 140-fold from C. thermohydrosulfuricum (Saha and Zeikus, unpublished work). The enzyme has a 162,000 molecular weight and displayed an optimum temperature for activity of 75°C. Notably, the protein preparation hydrolyzed both a-1,6 and a-1,4 linkages. This enzyme appears to play an important role in starch degradation by C. thermohydrosulfuricum because it can hydrolyze the degradation intermediates formed by the organism s unique amylopullulanase.

Biochemical features Loss of ion homeostasis Random digestion of DNA causing smear of DNA after agarose gel electrophoresis... 

Neonatal onset of medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency with confusing biochemical features. 

Iproniazid, originally developed for the treatment of tuberculosis, exhibited mood-elevating properties during clinical trials in tuberculosis patients with depression. The distinguishing biochemical feature between iproniazid and other chemically similar antituberculosis compounds was the ability of the former to inhibit MAO. Thus, a series of hydrazine and non-hydrazine-related... 

A characteristic feature of the SuSy isoforms is a conserved phosphorylated serine residue near the N-terminus [8-10]. In-vivo studies have demonstrated that phosphorylation and dephosphorylation direct the distribution of SuSy isoforms in the plant cell [10-12]. The soluble phosphorylated SuSy interacts with the actin cytoskeleton in the cytoplasm [13], and the dephosphorylated SuSy isoforms are targeted to the cell membrane to form complexes with other enzymes, e.g., glucan synthase, catalyzing cellulose biosynthesis from sucrose [4, 10, 14]. In this respect, recent studies on the dephosphorylated enzymes by cloning and expression of SMS genes in E. coli have shown differences in some biochemical features when compared to the enzymes isolated from the corresponding plant material. Recom-... 

The clinical biochemical features reflect the biochemical and physiological effects. Thus, there is reduced plasma bicarbonate, low plasma calcium, and raised potassium. Crystals, blood, and protein may all be detected in the urine (crystalluria, hematuria, and proteinuria, respectively), and the urine may have a low specific gravity. 

The four-volume treatise in which this article appears is filled with fascinating information about the clinical and biochemical features of hundreds of inherited diseases of metabolism. 

Analysis of changes in in-vivo- and m-v/tro-synthesised proteins is a very descriptive approach to understanding the phenomenon of cold acclimation and cold tolerance. For a functional analysis a molecular dissection of the process is required. This will allow investigators to determine the level (transcriptional/translational) at which the appearance of the new mRNAs is regulated, and the sequence information of the cold-regulated genes should point to the biochemical features of the encoded proteins. 

Marx, SJ, Attie, MF, Levine, MA, Spiegel, AM, Downs Jr, RW and Lasker, RD, 1981a, The hypocalciuric or benign variant of familial hypercalcemia clinical and biochemical features in fifteen kindreds, Medicine (Baltimore) 60 397-412... 

The most important results from marine fish show a correlation between the amount of foodstuff available and certain physiological and biochemical features of individual fish and of populations. Data on the accumulation of... 

Lizenko, E.I., Zagorskikh, O.M. and Solovyev, L.G. (1991). Comparative characteristics of lipid composition of organs of the River Enisey and Caspian sturgeons (In Russian). In Biochemical Features of Fish Diseases , pp. 36-41. Karelian Scientific Centre Publishing, Petrozavodsk. 

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