Bioactive glass-ceramics for

T. Nakamura, T. Yamamuro, S. Higashi, Y. Kakutani, T. Kitsugi, T. Kokubo and S. Ito, 1985, A New Bioactive Glass-Ceramic for Artificial Bone, in Treatise on Biomedical Materials, /, T. Yamamuro, ed.. Research Center for Medical Polymers and Biomaterials at Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, pp. 109-17. 

In the development of biocompatible and bioactive glass-ceramics for medical uses, two different types of materials must be addressed that differ in their application environment and preferred properties materials for use in implantology (medical prostheses) and materials used in restorative dentistry (dental prostheses). For reasons of clarity, the difference between the two different groups of biomaterials must be addressed at this stage. The first... 

CERABONE is the most widely and successfiilly used bioactive glass-ceramic for bone replacement in human medicine. Nippon Electrical Glass Co., Ltd. produces the apatite-wollastonite (A-W) glass-ceramic under the brand name of CERABONE A-W. It is distributed as a biomaterial by Lederle Qapan), Ltd. 

Ordered mesoporous silica have already been studied as carriers for drug delivery [1,2] recently, their use has also been proposed in bone tissue engineering [3,4], in combination with bioactive glass-ceramic scaffolds [5,6]. The kinetics of ibuprofen release in SBF [7] from MCM-41 silica with similar pore diameter has shown puzzling discontinuities [3,6,8] aim of the present work is to assess whether these anomalies may be related to structural changes in the MCM-41 mesoporous spheres under the adopted conditions. 

Figure 2. Stress-strain curve for the PLGA-coated bioactive glass-ceramic scaffold.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF PLGA-COATED 517 POROUS BIOACTIVE GLASS-CERAMIC SCAFFOLDS FOR SUBCHONDRAL BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING... 

Peter, M., Binulal, N. S., Nair, S. V., Selvamurugan, N., Tamura, H., Jayakumar, R. (2010). Novel biodegradable chitosan-gelatin/nano-bioactive glass ceramic composite scaffolds for alveolar bone tissue engineering, Chem./-no. 1.1.58. 353-361. 

A. M. Dehormanh and M. N. Rahaman, Direct-write Assembly of Silicate and Borate Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Repair, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 32, 3637-46 (2012). 

Pavek, V., Novak, Z., Stmad, Z Kudmova, D., and Navratilova, B. (1994), Clinical application of bioactive glass-ceramic BAS-0 for filling cyst cavities in stomatology. Biomaterials 15(5) 353-358. 

A bioactive material is one that elicits a specific biological response at the interface of the material which results in the formation of a bond between the tissues and the material. A common characteristic of bioactive glasses, bioactive glass-ceramics, and bioactive ceramics is that their surface develops a biologically active hydroxy carbonate apatite (HCA) layer which bonds with collagen fibrils. The HCA phase that forms on bioactive implants is equivalent chemically and structurally to the mineral phase of bone. It is that equivalence which is responsible for interfacial bonding ". ... 

Huang K, Cai S, Xu G, Ye X, Dou Y, Ren M, et al. Preparation and characterization of mesoporous 45S5 bioactive glass-ceramic coatings on magnesium alloy for corrosion protection. J Alloys Compd 2013 580 290-7. 

The situation with regard to glass-ceramics for restorative dental applications is different. These materials must also fulfill the standards for biomaterial use, such as compatibility with the oral environment. Bioactivity on the surface of the dental restoration, however, must not occur. More importantly, the surface properties of the glass-ceramics, such as shade, translucency, toughness, and wear, must correspond to those of natural teeth. Even higher standards are placed on the chemical durability of the material compared with that of natural teeth, since cavities should not occur in the new glass-ceramics. 

The following bioactive glass-ceramics are used for implants in human medicine CERABONE (apatite-wollastonite glass-ceramic), CERAVITAL (apatites devitrite glass-ceramic), and BIOVERJT I (mica-apatite glass-ceramic). 

Most of the glass-ceramics for biomedical applications are based on eompositions similar to the bioglasses of Hench (Bioglass ), although in all of them present very low eontents in alkaline oxide. Table V shows the analyses and characteristics of the bioactive glass-ceramics with clinical applications, compared with the Bioglass 45 S5. 

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