Binder composition

If compression is requited to provide a stick or pan-type of product, the bulk components must be held together with a binder. Common binders ate various Hpids, polymers, polysaccharides, and waxes. Some binder compositions include water, which is removed by drying the compact. The amount of binder must be carefully controlled to yield a soHd, nonfragile compact that is soft enough to pay off. Excessive amounts of or improperly compounded binders glaze during use because of transfer of skin lipids to the compact. 

Burchell, T. D., Porous carbon fiber-carbon binder composites. In Carbon Materials for Advanced Technologies, ed. T. D. Burchell, Elsevier Science, Oxford, 1999, pp. 169 204. 

Porous Carbon Fiber-Carbon Binder Composites... 

Low density, carbon fiber-carbon binder composites are fabricated from a variety of carbon fibers, including fibers derived from rayon, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), isotropic pitch, and mesophase pitch. The manufacture, structure, and properties of carbon fibers have been thoroughly reviewed elsewhere [3] and. therefore, are... 

Fig. 1. The synthesis route for ORNL s porous carbon fiber-carbon binder composites.

Porous carbon fiber-carbon bmder composites are a class of matenals that are not widely known, yet they fulfill a vital role in the RTG space power systems, and show considerable potential for other uses in light absorption or gas adsorption applications. These applications are enabled through the unique combmation of physical properties exhibited by the porous carbon fiber-carbon binder composites Perhaps the most significant of its physical attributes is the open, yet rugged, form of the material which contributes significantly to its utility m the fields of... 

Aggregate Epoxy binder compositions Mass loss after abrasion (g)... 

The burning rates of standard aluminized hydrocarbon binder composite proplnts may be increased significantly not only with ferrocene derivatives but also with compatible carborane-type burning rate additives. However, most ferrocene derivatives are volatile solids or liquids which have a tendency to evaporate from the proplnt during storage, thereby degrading ballistic performance. Rudy (Ref 71) minimized this problem by the use of polynuclear ferrocene... 

T. K. Rakhmamllin, F. A. Agzamov, V. V. Ivanov, N. Kh. Karimov, M. A. Tankibaev, and N. V. Trenkenshu. Clinker-less binder composition—contains mixture of slag from melting of oxidised nickel ores and tails from enrichment of phosphorite ores. Patent SU 1777617-A, 1992. 

Other examples of alkyd resins with variations in binder compositions across the different colours have been found in samples from a painting by Jackson Pollock analysed with Py-GC/MS and on-line TMAH derivatization [91]. 

The majority of work done on VGCF reinforced composites has been carbon/carbon (CC) composites [20-26], These composites were made by densifying VGCF preforms using chemical vapor infiltration techniques and/or pitch infiltration techniques. Preforms were typically prepared using furfuryl alcohol as the binder. Composites thus made have either uni-directional (ID) fiber reinforcement or two-directional, orthogonal (0/90) fiber reinforcement (2D). Composite specimens were heated at a temperature near 3000 °C before characterization. Effects of fiber volume fraction, composite density, and densification method on composite thermal conductivity were addressed. The results of these investigations are summarized below. 

The optical properties of low density, carbon fiber-carbon binder composites have... 

A recently developed adsorbent version of ORNL s porous carbon fiber-carbon binder composite is named carbon fiber composite molecular sieve (CFCMS). The CFCMS monoliths were the product of a collaborative research program between ORNL and the University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research (UKCAER) [19-21]. The monoliths are manufactured in the manner described in Section 2 from P200 isotropic pitch derived fibers. While development of these materials is in its early stages, a number of potential applications can be identified. 

Abd El-Malek, M.M., Mohsen, R.M., Ayoub, M.M.H., New approach to the effect of binder composition on antifouling efficiency using scanning electron microscopy. JOCCA 11 (1987), 337-341. 

Zeolite catalysts and adsorbents have also been incorporated into monolithic contactors by several routes, including extruded zeoHte/binder composites [70], wash-coated ceramic monoliths [71] and corrugated thin-sheet monoliths [72]. 

The burning lance (or similar firework) reactions can be pictured as occurring in five zones as shown in Figure 10.4. The bottom zone (No. 1) is essentially the preheat zone where the lance composition is being heated to the NaNOs melting point. Based on the thermal conductivity of Mg/NaNOs /binder composition it is possible to estimate the thickness of this zone to be about 1 mm. 

An extrusion press used in the manuf of fuel binder composite propellants for use in US aircraft jatos is shown in Fig 6... 

Fig. 122. Binder composition and viscosity. Smokeless and castable compositions are indicated with an arrow (according to Dekker and Zimmerman [24]).

Dark Stability. The examples cited have demonstrated that dye sensitized photopolymerization is potentially rapid in solution, but that substantial speed losses result when polymeric binder compositions are used in an imaging fashion. Our work has shown that TBBS activated compositions sensitized by MB can exhibit absolute photospeeds to red light that are comparable to those of commerical photopolymer systems that are sensitive only to ultraviolet wavelengths (65). These systems can offer features not now available in UV-only sensitive systems. The major failure of all such systems, however, is a pronounced lack of stability on dark storage for the lengths of time required by industry standards. 

Microsphere wall thickness, (pm) Binder composition Apparent Compression strength, 10 i, N/m2... 

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