Salts binary oxides

K+i + 0 = K2O, potassium oxide, binary oxide salt, when in contact with water, releases heat and forms potassium hydroxide, a corrosive liquid... 

Lime, CaO (also known as calcium oxide, quicklime, hydrated lime, and hydraulic lime), a binary oxide salt, is a white or grayish-white material in the form of hard clumps. It may have a yellowish or brownish tint due to the presence of iron. Lime is odorless and crumbles upon exposure to moist air. It is a corrosive caustic that yields heat and calcium hydroxide when mixed with water, and is a strong irritant, with a TLV of 2 mg/m of air. The four-digit UN identification number for calcium oxide is 1910. The primary uses are in the manufacture of other chemicals, like calcium carbide pH control and in the neutralization of acid waste, insecticides, and fungicides. 

III. Binary Oxides (Salts of Metal-Oxide Acids f ... 

The best known dimerization catalysts are Bi203, bismuth salts and binary oxide mixtures containing Bi203. A very effective catalyst is Bi203— Sn02, in particular for the production of benzene. 

The formation of an oxoacid salt from the binary oxides can be seen as an O2- transfer reaction. For example, the equation ... 

It was suggested earlier in this section that oxoacid salts such as CaC03 could be viewed as products of reactions between basic oxides (containing O2- discrete ions) and covalent (molecular/polymeric) oxides in which oxide ions are transferred to form oxo-anions. Analysis of the thermochemistry of such reactions has led to the formulation of a numerical scale of acidity for oxides. In Table 9.1 the acidity parameter a is listed for the most important binary oxides. Highly-negative values indicate a basic oxide, while acidic oxides have positive values. 

Duplex structures often occur in metallic, oxide, salt and other binary and multicomponent systems. W.J. Tomlinson and A. Easterlow290... 

Metal oxides containing single metalhc elements (binary oxides) and more than two metallic elements (double oxides and salts of oxoacids) are commonly used as catalysts in a variety of chemical reactions. Oxide and metallic catalysts are two major groups of industrial catalysts. In practice, most catalysts are produced from mixtures of more than two phases the phase primarily responsible for the catalysis is called the active component. 

An exploratory study was carried out with respect to the performance of molten salts as diesel soot oxidation catalyst. The activity of two binary eutectic salts, with a low melting point, was measured and compared with the activity of two very active solid single oxides. Also the influence of NO on the oxidation rate was investigated. 

Salts have particular hazards, depending on which salt family they belong to. Salts generally do not bum, but can be oxidizers and snpport combustion. Some salts are toxic and some may be water-reactive. Salt compounds can also be divided into families. There are six salt families that will be presented in this book binary, binary oxide, peroxide, hydroxide, oxysalts, and cyanide salts. 

Binary salts have varying hazards, one of which is toxicity. Some of the binary salts are highly toxic, such as sodium fluoride, calcium phosphide, and mercuric chloride. Cyanide salts are also highly toxic, such as sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide. The remaining salts, binary oxides, peroxide, hydroxides, and oxysalts are generally not considered toxic. 

Chloride-carbonate melts are of importance in some metallurgical applications (i.e., production of nonferrous metals). It has been established that the binary chloride salt mixture NaCl-KCl with an addition of Na2C03 is a high-temperature model electrolyte convenient for the study of the regularities involved in anodic oxidation of oxide-containing ions. 

Mixed oxide pillared clays are a new form of pillared clays. They can be obtained by a combined hydrolysis of metal salts La/Al, Al/Fe, Fe/Cr, Fe/Zr, Cr/Al. Another route is the synthesis of complexes containing different metal cations GaAli2-Keggin structures or binary oxides. These mixed pillared clays will have other, more specific catalytic and adsorption properties, while the size and charge of the pillaring species can be changed. The main drawback of these pillared materials is the characterization of the pillars. 

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