Biguanide nitrate

Brandimarte (Ref 3) describes the prepn of ASN, as follows PETN (20 parts) was added at 115-18° to a binary mixt of 70 ps AN and 10 ps dicyanodiamide, which had been previously fused for 6-8 hrs. The mixt was analyzed and found to contain ca 2% of GuN and ca 6% of biguanide nitrate, which were formed by interaction betw dicyanodiamide and AN... 

The filtrate contains guanidine nitrate along with a small amount of ammonium nitrate and very small amounts of dicyano-diamide and biguanide nitrate (Note 6). The solution is concentrated to about 1 1. and the guanidine nitrate which crystallizes on cooling is filtered off. A second crop is obtained by... 

Reaction with ammonium salts gives biguanide salts which react further with the ammonium salt forming guanidine salts. Guanidine nitrate [506-93 ] is manufactured by this route (46). 

Later workers (489) have postulated the existence of intermediate biguanide in the interaction of cyanoguanidine and ammonium nitrate in liquid ammonia (at relatively high temperatures). The reaction is thus thought to adopt the same reaction path as that of the analogous fusion, but positive evidence for this view is difficult to obtain, because of the rapidity with which all postulated intermediates are onverted into guanidine salts. 

Conductance measurements of biguanide and its nitrate at various concentrations 672) have given values for their conductance ratio of the... 

Sodium hydroxide. Sodium cyanide. Bromine, Sulfuric acid Sulfuric acid. Bromine, Sodium cyanide Acetone, Sulfuric acid. Bromine, Methylene chloride Biguanide, Ethanol, Perchloric acid. Ethyl acetate l,3-Dichloro-2-propanol, Trioxane, 1,2-Dichloroethane, Sulfuric acid, Sodium bicarbonate, Dimethylsulfoxide, Sodium azide. Methylene chloride Ammonium nitrate, Nitromethane Ammonium nitrate, Hydrazine Sodium nitrate, Sulfur, Charcoal Potassium nitrate, Sulfur, Charcoal Magnesium powder, Hexachlorethane, Naphthalene... 

The nitric acid of the original 2 mols of ammonium nitrate is exactly sufficient for the formation of 2 mols of guanidine nitrate. But the intermediate biguanide is a strong diacid base the ammonium nitrate involved in its formation supplies only one equivalent of nitric acid and there is a point during the early part of the process when the biguanide mononitrate tends to attack the unchanged ammonium nitrate and to liberate ammonia from it. For this reason the process works best if a small excess of... 

The guanylthiourea (316) reacted with butylamine in the presence of silver nitrate or mercuric chloride at room temperature to give the biguanide etoformin (317) Scheme 5.71.) [387]. The compound was claimed to be an antidiabetic agent with a better therapeutic ratio than phenformin or buformin. 

Methods for preparation of dicyanodiamide involve polymerization of cyanamide under controlled conditions in aqueous solutions in the presence of metallic hydroxides or ammonia. Dicyanodiamide is an important chemical intermediate and is used for the preparation of guanidonium nitrate, biguanide, and numerous other derivatives of the ammonocarbonic acids. The present method is easily adaptable to preparation of laboratory quantities. 

C2H6N4S2, N,N -Bis(thiocarbamoyl)hydrazine, 41B, 58 C2H7CIN2O, 0-Methylisourea hydrochloride, 35B, 34 C2H7N3O3, Biuret hydrate, 26, 570 39B, 33 C2H7N3O4, N-Methylurea nitrate, 21, 525 C2H7N5, Biguanide, 44B, 48... 

Other, safer alternative oxidizing solutions, such as ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, dilute peracetic acid, or a citric nitrate solution, should be considered. Another possible approach is the use of a nonoxidizing biocide such as hexamethylene biguanide or other environmentally safe biocides. These are free of the hazards associated with chloiine, h)q)ochlorite, chlorine dioxide, and other halogenated agents. 

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