Benzyl-hexyl

Figure 2 illustrates the experimental setup employed for in vivo and in vitro flower scent sampling and the chromatographic profiles (total ion current) obtained. A total of 40 compounds were identified in Sansevieria trifasdata flower scent and their relative amounts changed during the day. There is no single, dominant component of the scent. Aldehydes (hexanal, heptanal, heptenal, nonanal, octenal, nonadienal, decanal), alcohols, ketones (6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 3-octen-2-one), acetates (benzyl, hexyl, octyl, 2-ethyl-l-hexyl, decenyl, decyl, dodecenyl, dodecyl and tetradecenyl), methyl and benzyl benzoate, methyl salicilate, eugenol, and ds,frflns-a-farnesene, were identified as the main scent constituents. 

Among ethers, benzylic ethers are unique in that they are cleaved under the conditions of catalytic hydrogenation as illustrated by the hydrogenolysis of benzyl hexyl ether. In this illustration, the benzyl group is converted to toluene, and the alkyl group is converted to an alcohol. 

The acetates of most alcohols are also commercially available and have diverse uses. Because of their high solvent power, ethyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, amyl, and isoamyl acetates are used in ceUulose nitrate and other lacquer-type coatings (see Cellulose, esters). Butyl and hexyl acetates are exceUent solvents for polyurethane coating systems (see Coatings Urethane polymers). Ethyl, isobutyl, amyl, and isoamyl acetates are frequentiy used as components in flavoring (see Flavors and spices), and isopropyl, benzyl, octyl, geranyl, linalyl, and methyl acetates are important additives in perfumes (qv). 

It was found that utilization of QAS with increased steric accessibility of exchange center, containing nitrogen atom with three methyl substituents and one super lipophilic substituent, - tris(2,3,4-dodecyloxy)benzyl, - leads to dramatic, up to 7 orders, increase of ISE s selectivity towards sulfate in the presence of single-charged anions. Incorporation of hexyl 4-trifluoro-acetylbenzoate into membrane leads to additional substantial increase - up to 4 orders - in sulfate selectivity. 

Yields of the primary alkyl acrylates vary somewhat, owing to occasional losses through formation of polymer, but are usually in the range of 85-99%. Some secondary alcohols react very slowly, others readily. The method has been applied to more than fifty alcohols, some of which (with percentage yields) are listed below ethyl, 99% isopropyl, 37% -amyl, 87% isoamyl, 95% -hexyl, 99% 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 95% 2-ethylhexyl, 95% capryl, 80% lauryl, 92% myristyl, 90% allyl, 70% fur-furyl, 86% citronellyl, 91% cyclohexyl, 93% benzyl, 81% (3-ethoxyethyl, 99% /S-(/3-phenoxyethoxy) ethyl (from diethylene glycol monophenyl ether), 88%. 

Whereas nitrosative decomposition of azidoalkanes such as hexyl, cyclohexyl, and benzyl azides with nitrosomum tetrafluoroborate gives only 0-5% yields of... 

Condensation of the TV-substituted p-aminocrotonic acid ester 15 with p-benzoquinone (4) has been successfully carried out to furnish the 5-hydroxyindole 29 when the substituent R on the nitrogen of the aminocrotonic acid ester was methyl, ethyl, -propyl, isopropyl, or -butyl, -hexyl, p-cyanoethyl, p-hydroxyethyl, carbethoxymethyl, benzyl, phenyl, o-tolyl, dimethylaminopropyl, y-hydroxypropyl etc ... 

Oxidation of phenyl hexyl sulphide with sodium metaperiodate gave also only a trace amount of the corresponding sulphoxide72. On the other hand, Hall and coworkers73 prepared benzylpenicillin and phenoxymethyl penicillin sulphoxides from the corresponding benzyl esters by oxidation with sodium metaperiodate in dioxane solution with a phosphate buffer. A general procedure for the synthesis of penicillin sulphoxides was reported later by Essery and coworkers74 which consists in the direct oxidation of penicillins or their salts with sodium metaperiodate in aqueous solution at pH 6.5-7.0. 1-Butadienyl phenyl sulphoxide 4475 and a-phosphoryl sulphoxides 4576 were also prepared by the same procedure. 

Bis-[2-bcnzoyl-phcnyl]- 678 Bis-[4-tert.-butyl-benzyl)- 625 Bis-[cyan-mcthyl]- 703 Bis-[3,4-dichlor-benzyl]- 625 Bis-[diphenylmethyl]- 609 Bis-[4-methoxy-phcnyIJ- 625 Bis-[4-methyI-benzyl]- 625 Bis-[4-methyI-phenyI]- 625 Bis-[1 -naphthyl-(l )-iithyl]- 609 Bis-[3-oxo-butyI]- 585 Bis-[tridecafluor-hexyl]- 624 Cyanmcthyl- -chlorid 702 Dibenzyl- 622 Dicyclohexyl- 609 Didecyl- 623 f. 

Alcohols. n-Butyl alcohol n-Hexyl alcohol alcohol Benzyl alcohol Glycerol Sucrose. 

W-SA Previously identified alarm pheromone components that (a) change flight activity, (b) increase recruitment, or (c) help localize target Isopentyl acetate 91 (a,b,c),butan-l-ol 92 (b), hexyl acetate 95 (b),butyl acetate 93 (b,c), hexan-l-ol 94 (b,c),octan-l-ol 96 (b),octyl acetate 97 (c),nonan-2-ol 98 (a,b), benzyl acetate 99 (a) [151]... 

Primary+secondary removal benzyl acetate=86.4-99.9 methyl salicylate=92.0-99.9 methyl dihydrojasmonate=81.9-99.9 terpineol=95.4-99.9 benzyl salicylate=90.3-99.9 isobornyl acetate=84.5-99.9 g-methyl ionone=83.1-99.8 p-f-bucinal=84.8-99.3 hexylcinnamaldehyde=95.3-99.9 hexyl salicylate=96.4-99.9 OTNE=51.4-99.4 acetyl cedrene=71.3-99.9... 

An early example of this strategy is the palladium black catalyzed conversion of (Z)-2-buten-l,4-diol with primary amines (cyclohexyl amine, 2-aminoethanol, -hexyl amine, aniline) at 120 °C to give A-substituted pyrroles in 46-93% yield [119]. Trost extended this animation to the synthesis of a series of AT-benzyl amines 169 from the readily available a-acetoxy-a-vinylketones 168 [120]. This methodology allowed for the facile preparation of pyrrolo-fused steroids. 

Abbreviations Bn, benzyl Dec, n-decyl Hex, n-hexyl aMeBn, a-methylbenzyl Pht, phtha-loyl Pr, n-propyl. Assayed at pH 6.5. Assayed at pH 7.5. 

The ability of this hydrophobic peptide environment to effect the flavin reactivity was assessed by monitoring the oxidation ofN-alkyl-l,4-dihydronicotina-mides (N-alkyl-NAH) using conditions similar to those reported in the Kaiser experiments. Under these conditions, both systems exhibited slight enhancements in the rate of oxidation of either J -benzyl-NAH or N-hexyl-NAH. Hypothesizing that the lack of performance of the system may have been due to the occlusion of the flavin from interacting with the substrate, the assays were... 

Each of the reactions was performed in NMR tubes and a half-life of 15, 11 and 14, 10 and 6 h was found for methyl, primary alkyl, c-hexyl and benzyl, and phenyl tellurofor-mate. 

Another type of SiCaB reaction takes place when the 4-position is a basic amine moiety. For example, the reaction of N-benzyl-, N- hexyl- or N-allyldipropargylamine 78 b with EtsSiH catalyzed by Rh(acac)(CO)2 at 65 °C and 50 atm. CO affords the corresponding 2-silyl-7-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octa-5,8-dien-3-one 80b as the predominant or sole product (Scheme 7.23). 

Other li acetylides Li-C=C-R with R = hexyl [21] or benzylether dendrons [22, 23] (up to the fourth generation) have also been attached to (Figure 3.3), and various different electrophiles have been used to complete the reaction with the intermediate li-fuUeride (Scheme 3.2 and Figure 3.3). Besides the protonation, alkyl-, benzyl-, cycloheptatrienyl-, benzoyl- or vinylether-derivatives or formaldehyde and dichloro-acetylene were used as electrophiles [12,20]. Most of these electrophiles are attached to the anion in the expected C-2 position. The 1,4-adducts are available by quenching the anion with the tropylium cation or benzoyl chloride [12]. The fuUerene anion can be stabilized by introduction of benzylether dendrons. The lifetimes of the anions change with the size of the dendrons [22]. 

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