Benzoylation-acetylation

Thus the autoxidation of the aldehydes leads finally to acids. That a per-acid is first formed can be very easily shown in the case of acetaldehyde by the immediate liberation of iodine from potassium iodide solution which is caused hy this strong oxidising agent. In the case of benzaldehyde, which combines exceptionally rapidly with oxygen, it has been possible to trap the per-acid with acetic anhydride as benzoyl-acetyl peroxide (Nef) ... 

Benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (ebselen), peroxynitrous acid reaction, 117, 17 Benzonitrile, hydrolysis, 701-2 Benzophenone, laser photolysis, 193-5 Benzoyl acetyl peroxide, stmcture, 703 a-A-Benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester,... 

Acetyl benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl acetyl peroxide Acetozone or 8enzozone (formerly called Ac ety 1 benzoyl-sup eroxyd in Ger)... 

The reactions of benzoyl, acetyl, and carbethoxymethylene triphenylarsorane with diphenylcyclopropenone in benzene afforded the 2-pyrones. The following mechanism has been proposed for the reaction of benzoyl-methylene triphenylarsorane with cyclopropenone (32). 

Organic peroxides acyl peroxides (benzoyl, acetyl, lauryl peroxides, etc), alkyl peroxides, hydroperoxides, etc. are used as polymerization initiators. Azocompounds (for example, redox systems, etc. are also widely used as initiators. In... 

Benzyloxycarbonyl, N-(3,5-dinitrobenzyloxy carbonyl), 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl, benzoyl, acetyl and N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) derivatized amino acids and profens WAX (weak anion-exchange) type CSP tert. -butylcarbamoylquinine as chiral selector on Hypersil silica gel), 3 pm Acetonitrile-methanol (80 20)+400 mM acetic acid+4 mM triethylamine 335 mm x 100 pm i.d. 250 mm effective length, chiral separation... 

All these cationic deactivation processes were performed with oxolane as the monomer and with various initiators such as triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate and benzoyl, acetyl or propionyl hexafluoroantimonate. Efficient difunctional cationic initiators such as adipoyl- or terephthaloyl hexafluoroantimonate) can also be used 42 to synthesize bifunctional macromonomers containing at both chain ends a polymerizable double bond. 

Region B Substitution of Rx = hydrogen by electron withdrawing groups such as trifluoromethyl-, benzoyl-, acetyl-, methoxy-carbonyl- and cyano leads to increasing ty2 values Ri CN > C02R>C0R>CF3> H. ... 

Phenol derivatives, in which the hydroxyl group has been converted to an ether or an ester, are incapable of coupling under normal conditions. Similarly, acyl derivatives of amines (benzoyl, acetyl, etc.) are unreactive. The sulfonyl derivatives of primary amines, such as p-tolu-enesulfonanilide, are exceptions these compounds are soluble in caustic alkali and behave as phenols toward diazo compounds. 

More recently, Gaare and Akporiaye (1996) studied the acylation of anisole by acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride. They observed that the activity of La-exchanged H-Y zeolite depends on the lantanum content. In fact, as can be seen in fig. 11, the highest yield to acylated compounds was obtained on catalysts with a 93% exchange. However, the activity to acylation reactions depends not only on the catalyst compositions but also on the acylating agents. Thus, it has been shown that activities for the acylation of anisole increases in the order benzoyl < acetyl < propionyl chloride, but, in all cases, a high selectivity to the para isomer was observed (Akporiaye et al. 1993). 

Studies of the acylation of toluene with La-exchanged zeolite Y has shown the dependence of the activity on the rare-earth cation content and the high selectivity to the para isomer. Activities increasing in the order benzoyl < acetyl < propionyl chloride were found for all catalyst modifications. 

Sometimes, degree of adhesion between fiber and matrix achieved through various primary processing of biocomposites is weak which results in poor performance of developed composites. Natural fibers comprise of waxy and fatty materials on their surface which causes improper bonding between fiber and matrix. There are various chemical treatment techniques (such as alkali-treatment, silane treatment, Benzoylation, Acetylation, etc.) which can be applied to natural fibers before primary processing to condition the surface and consequently improve the fiber matrix adhesion to develop high performance biocomposites. 

The reaction of substituted aminomethyl radicals with benzoyl, acetyl or cyclohexanesulfonylacetyl peroxides involves at least partially the free radical process of Scheme 26 (Horner and Schwenk, 1944 Homer and Betzel, 1953 Horner and Anders, 1962 Walling and Indictor, 1958 Hrabak and Lokaj, 1970). The same products are also formed by the ionic Polonovski-type reaction involving the intermediate PhN(Me)202CPh PhCOJ which decomposes to PhN(Me)CH202CPh via PhI (Me)(02CPh)CH2. ... 

Preparation of Ketones. l-[(Trimethylsilyl)methyl]benzo-triazole reacts readily with acyl chlorides to provide the corresponding (benzotriazol-l-yl)methyl ketones in good yields. One example of such reactions is given in eq 1, and similar results are reported for reactions with benzoyl, acetyl, phenylacetyl, and other acyl chlorides. As shown by an example in eq 2, the benzo-triazolyl moiety in (benzotriazol-l-yl)methyl ketones is easily removed by reduction with zinc in acetic acid to provide the corresponding methyl ketones. To prepare higher ketones, lithi-ated l-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]benzotriazole is alkylated first and then subjected to the regular reactions with acyl chlorides and zinc. Thus, in a reaction of l-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]benzotriazole with -BuLi followed by benzyl bromide, l-[ l-(trimethylsilyl)-2-phenylethyljbenzotriazole is obtained in 81% yield. Subsequent treatment of this product with 4-methylbenzoyl chloride and then with zinc in acetic acid provides 4-methylphenyl 2-phenylethyl... 

Table 3.1 Benzoylation/acetylation of anisole, i-propylatior of benzene and dismutation of CCI2F2 over host/guest catalysts (Data taken from [13] by permission of Elsevier Publishers)...

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