Behavioral Compiler Reports

In this section, we discuss the reports generated by BC for a scheduled A small 

Resources used in the design. The resources used are of two types, register resources and operation resources. 

Clock cycles in which the above resources were used. 

Description of the Operations performed on the corresponding resource in those cycles. 

NOTE ALL REPORTS ARE GENERATED FROM VHDL CODE 

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Rather, this section analyses the behavior of reported single-parameter scales developed to describe the global behavior of solvents [viz. the Z, Py, <1>, G and Er(30) scales] against the SPP, SB and SA scales on the basis of the 200 solvents listed in Table 10.3.1. The Y scale, established to describe the behavior of solvolysis-like kinetics, is dealt with in the section devoted to the description of kinetic data. The data used in this analysis were taken from the following sources those for the Z scale from the recent review paper by Marcus those for the O and G scales from the compilation in Table 7.2 of Reichardt s book those for parameter Py from flic paper by Dong and Winnik and those for Er(30) from the recent review by Reichardt or Table 7.3 in his book. ... 

It is clear from the previous discussion that a proportionality between crystallization temperature and the volume of the crystallizing phase has been found for PEO in many cases (Fig. 4), including AB and ABA diblock copolymers however, there have been reports of exceptions to this trend and they have also been included in the data compilation of Fig. 5, in particular the extensive data reported by Xu et al. [96]. In the case of ABC triblock copolymers a different behavior has also been reported and will be analyzed in detail in Sect. 5. 

Teatum, E.T., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., and Waber, J.T. (1968) Compilation of Calculated Data Useful in Predicting Metallurgical Behavior of the Elements in Binary Alloy Systems, Report LA-4003, UC-25, Metals, Ceramics and Materials, TID-4500 (Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, New Mexico, USA). 

Despite these difficulties and limitations (which are not necessarily applicable or significant in all systems) very many instances of apparent obedience to Eq. (2) are found in the literature, which apply to data compiled from observations reported by different workers. This suggests that the level of catalytic activity, rather than the absolute values of A and E, is the dominant characteristic feature of catalytic behavior. 

In compiling the information in this chapter, I have relied heavily on several very comprehensive reviews that have appeared over the past few years [1-7]. In particular, the 1978 review by T irro et al. [1] is extremely thorough in describing the intra- and intermolecular photophysics and chemistry of upper singlet and triplet states. In fact, rather than reproduce the same details here, I direct the reader to this review for a summary of upper state behavior reported prior to 1978. (A description of azulene and thione anomalous fluorescence is included since these systems are the best-known systems that display upper state behavior.) I also direct readers to the reviews by Johnston and Scaiano [2] and Wilson and Schnapp [3] which focus on the chemistry of both upper triplet states and excited reaction intermediates as studied by laser flash photolysis (one- and two-color methods) and laser jet techniques. Also, Johnston s thorough treatment of excited radicals and biradicals [4] and the review of thioketone photophysics and chemistry by Maciejewski and Steer [5] are excellent sources of detailed information. 

Considering our familiarity with the pharmacological behavior of different sulfonamides, it is fjntstrating, indeed, to concede defeat no correlation appears to exist between their structural or functional characteristics and their tendency to become antigenic determinants. Table I - which has been compiled and averaged from multiple sources - presents biochemical and metabolic studies of various sulfonamides and notes, for each, the reported incidence of sensitization. We have been unable to find a common denominator. Even so, it is instructive to take a critical look at certain hypotheses which have been advanced. 

The physical chemical parameters of organic compounds are presently available in a variety of sources. They include comprehensive publications and on-line web sites that compile data for thousands of compounds. Other papers in the literature are restricted to either specihc physical chemical parameters and/or chemical classes. Some of these data bases are peer reviewed and one can depend on the values cited while others may cite references and the investigator has to draw his/her own conclusions. Some recent publications have chosen to summarize aU the data reported for say, the solubility of a compound, and critique values cited before indicating a preferred value. This approach is most useful to those interested in assessing the environmental behavior of compounds. Examples of these different data sources are given, but this list is by no means complete. 

Even though conventions of nomenclature designate all metal complexes with a bond to hydrogen as metal hydrides, many metal hydrides can exhibit acidic as well as hydridic behavior. Norton and coworkers studied extensively the thermodynamic and kinetic acidities of a wide series of metal carbonyl hydrides in acetonitrile [7]. Table 3.1 shows a few of the plQ values reported to document the range of pK, values and to illustrate some of the trends more extensive compilations are available [7]. The acidity of (CO)4CoH, the metal hydride involved in catalytic hydroformylations, is 8.3, which is similar to the acidity of HCl in CH3CN. Clearly, some metal hydrides can exhibit quite acidic behavior Morris... 

Results from the observation records are gathered and compiled in a single database. Reports from the database indicate which types of at-risk behavior are most prevalent and in which locations they are taking place. Based on the insights generated during the review and analysis phase, recommendations for improvement can be made. 

Detection limits are frequently reported as the concentration corresponding to three times the noise on the background during aspiration of distilled water, expressed as a standard deviation (3o). This is more appropriately referred to as the instrumental detection limit and is seldom realized in the analysis of real samples. Nevertheless, compilations of such values are useful for contrasting the behavior of different elements by ICP-AES and for comparison with other instrumental methods. A list compiled by P.W.J.M. Boumans and R. M. Barnes a number of years ago is still an accurate reflection of the state of the art, and was reproduced in a recent review [7]. With pneumatic nebulization, detection limits for 76 elements range from 0.5 ng/liter for Ca to 100 jig/liter for C and N. Metals of the first transition series are typical, with values in the range 0.1 to 1 p.g/liter. In most cases, improvements are reported with ultrasonic nebulization. 

After these reports, the same group extended the utility of this catalytic system to asymmetric Michael addition and aldol reactions (212, 213]. Sulfonamide catalysts such as 37-39 have also been developed for the same purpose [214-219]. The behavior of these catalysts, typically exemplified by enantioselec-tive Michael addition reactions of cyclohexanone with nitroolefins, is compiled in Scheme 1.15. 

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