Bayer Cross

Even before the Eirst World War, Aspirin was economically such a great success that in 1918 the trademark was reckoned by the Allied Powers to be especially valuable, and thus, together with relevant patents and the manufactming plant, it was confiscated as reparation daim. Only in 1994, Bayer was allowed to repurchase these rights, along with the Bayer Cross, for 1 billion dollars. The annual world production of acetylsalicylic acid ammmts today to approximately 50,000 tonnes (Pig. 5.77). [152]]... 

The huge galvanized Bayer Cross on a building near the Cologne-Diisseldorf motorway was galvanized in 1963 and, after 16 years in an industrial atmosphere, there had not appeared a spot of rust. 

A partially cross-linked, isobutylene—isoprene—divinylbenzene terpolymer containing some unreacted substituted vinylbenzene appendages is commercially available from Polysar Division, Bayer AG. Because of the residual reactive functionality, it can be cross-linked by peroxides that degrade conventional butyl mbbets. It is employed primarily in the manufacture of sealant tapes and caulking compounds (31). 

In the absence of solvents and with suitable catalysts the evolution of carbon dioxide simultaneously with the polycarbodi-imide formation gives rise to a foamed product. These foams are cross-linked because of reactions between carbodi-imide groups and free isocyanate groups. Raw materials for such foams are now available from Bayer (Baymid). 

Very recent relevant observations reveal that the TCS approach albeit certainly significant as conceptual and operational tool in the issue of metal nanoclusters size control, requires a substantial further perfection. Resin sulfonated Bayer K1221 is a co styrene-divinylbenzene commercially available gel-type resin, in beaded form. Its cross-linking degree is ca. 4% mol and therefore K1221 is expectedly quite similar to DOMA-VP and MTEMA-DMAA 4-4 for example. In fact ISEC analysis reveals a nanoporosity featured by 4.0 and 2.0 nm nanopores only. The expectation is that a Pd°/K1221 nanocomposite obtained with a classic procedure [5,9,10] will exhibit diameters strictly ranging from 2 to 4 nm. 

At the turn of the century, the German chemical company Bayer was capitalizing on a previously unnoticed chemical improvement on morphine. In 1898, Bayer began aggressively marketing heroin as a cough cure for the rampant disease of the time, tuberculosis. Heroin, a derivative of morphine, crosses directly into the brain, where it is converted immediately back to morphine. Unbelievably, it was said to be non-addictive. 

Polystyrenes cross-linked with divinylbenzene commercial resins, such as Lewatit VP-OC 1163 (Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany), Amberlite XAD-4 (Rohm Haas, Frankfurt, Germany), and Serdolite PAD I, PAD II, and PAD III (Serva AG, Heidelberg, Germany), have been applied in the adsorption of phenol, chlorophenols, and dihydroxybenzenes from water solutions [90]. Besides, commercial polymethacrylate/divinylbenzene resins, for example, Supelcogel TPR-100... 

Otto Bayer discovers the polyaddition synthesis of polyurethanes and proves that some form of cross linking is necessary for reversible elasticity... 

Dr. Deisenhofer is a Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences (Washington, D.C., 1997) and a Member of the Academia Europaea (1989). He shared the Biological Physics Prize of the American Physical Society (1986) and the Otto-Bayer-Preis (Germany, 1988) with Hartmut Michel. He received The Knight Commander s Cross of the... 

Desmophen [Bayer AG]. TM for a group of polyesters and polyethers for cross-linking with isocyanates. 

Lipases act in nature on oil-water interfaces and often have hydrophobic domains on their surface. Hence, immobilization by adsorption to a hydrophobic carrier is often a simple and effective way to immobilize Upases. A wide range of different hydrophobic support materials is commercially available, including synthetic acrylic, divinylbenzene-styrene or polypropylene polymers. An example of the latter is Accurel MP 1000, which is available from Membrana. Novozym 435 is immobilized on Lewatit VP OC 1600, a divinylbenzene-cross-linked poly(methyl methacrylate) resin produced by Lanxess (previously Bayer). 

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