Batch growth cycle

Bacillus brevis, 284 Bacillus megaterium, 173,175 Bacillus sphaericus, 269 badtracin, 151 back mutation, 246 baker s yeast, 30 balance of NADH, 41 batch fermentation, 245 batch growth cycle, 255 batch mode... 

Fig. 2. Effect of anti-calmodulin drugs and Ca- + -channel blockers on cell proliferation in suspension cultures of soybean callus supplied with cytokinin. Cells in the linear phase of the batch growth cycle were suspended at 0.4 X 10 cells/ml. Cell number and viability were estimated after 6 days of culture using methods described in reference [34]. D-600 and verapamil were a generous gift of Knoll A.G., Ludwigshafen am Rhein, FRG...

For type 3 processes, growth and metabolic activity reach a maximum early in the batch process cycle (Figure 3.1) and it is not until a later stage, when oxidative activity is low, that maximum desired product formation occurs. The stoichiometric descriptions for both type 3 and 4 processes depend upon the particular substrates and products involved. In the main, product formation in these processes is completely uncoupled from cell growth and dictated by kinetic regulation and activity of cells. 

In the design of a crystallization process, therefore, the balance that is achieved between nucleation and growth rates is critical to particle size under the operational constraints of equipment and facilities. The supersamration ratio can be controlled to limit nucleation in order for growth to predominate. This becomes increasingly difficult at lower inherent growth rates since it will extend the batch time cycle substantially and because the nucleation rate becomes more critical at lower growth rates. 

Unstructured distributed models such as Monod s equation satisfactorily predict the growth behavior in many situations. However, they cannot account for lag phases, sequential uptake of substrates, or changes in mean cell size during the growth cycle of a batch culture. Structured models recognize the multiplicity of cell components and their interactions. Many different models have been proposed based on the assumptions made for cell components and their interactions. 

Suppose that, as is usual in an experimental study, bacteria are inoculated into nutrient material contained in a vessel this is a batch cuUuve, growing in a closed system. If the logarithm of the number of bacterial cells is plotted against the time, the result is usually as shown in Figure 10.13. The typical growth cycle consists of three phases ... 

GROWTH CYCLES OF MICROORGANISMS BATCH OPERATION OF BIOREACTORS... 

Growth Cycles of Microorganisms Batch Operation of Bioreactors 453... 

In batch fermentation, the number of cells of the microorganism present in the reactor typically varies with time in the manner shown in Figure 13.1. Readers should note that the scale of the ordinate is logarithmic while that of the abscissa is linear. Some authors describe the cell growth cycle shown in Figure 13.1 in terms of the four primary phases, while others include two smooth transitions between primary phases as additional growth phases. 

For each phase of the growth cycle, we first provide a qualitative description of the biological phenomena involved in that phase in a stirred-tank reactor and then indicate how one can quantitatively characterize both the number of viable microorganisms present in this batch reactor and the rates at which products are created during the normal course of events. 

Figure 20.6 Different phases of a cell s growth cycle in batch culture...

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