Basic Terms and Conditions

When I reported to work at Amoco s Whiting Refinery in 1965, the plant operators and my fellow engineers assumed that I understood a wide range of terms that actually had little meaning to me. Worse, 1 was suddenly confronted with the need to employ basic technical concepts that 1 thought 1 had mastered in high school. But when 1 tried to apply these concepts to solve plant problems, I realized that 1 had never really understood them. I ve assembled a list of the concepts and terms that 1 had to quickly learn early in my career. 

Work I was told in school that work is force times distance. 1 still have no idea what this means. To me, work is carrying bricks up a hill. If 1 carry 50 lb of bricks up a 100-ft hill, I have done 5000 ft-lb of work. 

Power This is how fast I work. If I carry 50 lb of bricks up a 100-ft-high hill in an hour, then my power output is 5000 ft-lb per hour. If 1 do the job in 30 min, my power output has doubled. 

Amps are a form of electric work. Motor amps are controlled by what the motor is driving, not the horsepower rating of the motor. 

BTU This is the amount of heat needed to warm 1 lb of water by 1°F. 

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The Wages Councils legislation was of a different order. From 1909 the state accepted on purely social grounds the necessity of intervention in the basic terms and conditions of employment for approxi-... 

Chapter 1 provides an introduction to some of the basic terms and concepts of electrochemistry and corrosion and provides a detailed overview of the remainder of the book. Chapter 2 provides an overview of the important thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of relevance to corrosion electrochemistry. Chapter 3 focuses on what might be viewed as an aberration from normal dissolution kinetics passivity. This aberration—or peculiar condition, as Faraday referred to it— is critical to the use of stainless steels, aluminum alloys, and all the so-called corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs). 

The basic objective of the Labour Inspectorate is to monitor the inqilemen tion of the provisions of labour legislation in respect of terms and conditions of employment (such as working time limits and pay) the legality of employment the investigation of workers social insurance coverage and, workers health and safety conditions. 

Risk is defined as tlie product of two factors (1) tlie probability of an undesirable event and (2) tlie measured consequences of the undesirable event. Measured consequences may be stated in terms of financial loss, injuries, deatlis, or Ollier variables. Failure represents an inability to perform some required function. Reliability is the probability that a system or one of its components will perform its intended function mider certain conditions for a specified period. Tlie reliability of a system and its probability of failure are complementary in tlie sense tliat the sum of these two probabilities is unity. This cluipler considers basic concepts and llieorenis of probability tliat find application in tlie estimation of risk and reliability. 

The development of objective methods is not difficult, and the basic procedures are available. The difficulty resides in establishing the proper relationships between analytical results and quality and condition in terms of consumer acceptance and utility, and in terms of the results to be expected in good, economical, commercial practice. 

Data in part from Ackerman NJ, Clapham DE Ion channels— basic science and clinical disease. N Engl J Med 1997,-336 1575. Other channelopathies include the long QT syndrome (MIM 192500) pseudoaldosteronism (Liddle syndrome, MIM 177200) persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (MIM 601820) hereditary X-linked recessive type II nephrolithiasis of infancy (Dent syndrome, MIM 300009) and generalized myotonia, recessive (Becker disease, MIM 255700). The term "myotonia" signifies any condition in which muscles do not relax after contraction. 

To develop analytical models that describe the performance of a cyclic enzyme system (herein termed the basic system) and a cyclic enzyme system with an external inhibitor (termed the extended basic system) when operated in different modes as a fed-batch reactor or a continuous reactor. These models enable us to design systems and select operational conditions according to needs. 

This sounds fairly simple, but these three basic terms must be interpreted in a very wide sense every single aspect within these categories must be substantiated and proven under practical conditions. The scope and definitions change with time and with scientific, pharmaceutical and methodological progress. 

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