Basic Safety Standards directive

The Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 (IRR99) implement the majority of the Basic Safety Standards Directive 96129/Euratom (BSS Directive). From 1 January 2000, they replaced the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1985 (IRR85) (except for Regulation 26 (special hazard assessments)). 

Currently, the international standards, such as International Basic Safety Standards (IBSS) and European Directives on radiological protection, and most national regulations are based on the ICRP-1990 recommendations (ICRP Publication No. 60). New scientific data have been published since 1990, but the concept and philosophy of the system have not been changed. The overall estimates of deterministic effects remain fundamentally the same and the estimates of cancer risk have not changed much either, whereas the estimated risks of heritable effects are currently lower than were before. 

Directive 96/29/EURATOM (Basic safety standards) provides safety standards for the protection of health workers and the general public against the dangers of ionising radiation [18]. Directive 97/43/EURATOM (Medical exposure directive) gives rules concerning radiation in relation to medical exposure and provides dose limits [19]. 

Council of Europe (1996) Council Directive 96/29/EURATOM of 13 May 1996 laying down basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers arising from ionizing radiation. Off J No L 159 1-114... 

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Amended proposal for a Council Directive laying down the Basic Safety Standards for the Health Protection of the General Public and Workers Against the Dangers of Ionizing Radiation, Com. (93) 349 final, Brussels, 20 July 1993. 

Basic Safety Standards (BSS) Directive, which provides the... 

Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom of December 5, 2013 laying down basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionizing radiation, and repealing Directives 89/618/ Euratom, 90/641/Euratom, 96/29/Euratom, 97/43/Euratom, and 2003/122/Euratom—(L 13/31 OJ 17.2. 2014)—http //ec.europa.eu/energy/nuclear/radiation protection/radiation protection en.htm. 

European Commission, Laying down basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionising radiation. Directive COM(2012), 2012, 242 (final). 

Thus, even with the most rigid statutory provision, directed either to specific forms of toxicity or individual substances, regulatory action has inevitably been determined on the basis of the same basic safety/ risk standard embodied in the first two types of general standards already discussed, tempered by sound common sense. 

Safety standards (or directives) comprise basic rules for the application of a product ranging from installation to employment. Example DIN 57 510 (VDE 0510), titled VDE Directives for Accumulators and Battery Plants. ... 

Directives are the European laws published in the Official Journal that give us the essential health and safety requirements (EHSRs) that shall be followed by product suppliers. These are commonly called the Essential Requirements (ERs). The directives deal with legal and procedural issues, such as assessment procedures, certification, implementation, enforcement, technical files, declarations, CE marking, and other basic concepts. Examples of primary directives are the Low-Voltage, Machinery, and EMC directives. The General Product Safety and Product Liability Directives are basic directives dealing with enforcement and civil prosecution that are applied to all products. The directives also mandate the publication and mutual recognition of harmonized standards. 

Basic directives (type A). The basic directives apply to all manufacturers of products and address trade, enforcement, liability, and other issues. It is important to understand the implication of these directives, especially concerning enforcement against product manufacturers. Examples of the basic directives are CE Marking, Conformity Assessment, General Product Safety, and Product Liability. Products, components, and materials not covered by Type B or C directives must still be safe according to the General Product Safety Directive (e.g., comply with standards). 

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