Basic leak detection

They re probably the lowest cost option - and they serve the purpose well. They operate at exactly the same frequency range that is needed for basic ultrasonic detection of leaks. 

Another ongoing item on the steam generator safety is a leak detection system development for the double wall tube that is being developed for the steam generator installed in a primary heat transport system of a future FBR plant. Basic performance data was obtained for an outer tube leak detection system to detect helium leak into sodium. An inner tube leak detection system using infrared rays is also under developing to quickly detect humidity at gas plenums. 

SG Double wall tube SG with leak detection system Basic characteristics of double wall tube were confirmed in sodium tests at ETEC (USA). Demonstration of leak detection system would be beneficial. 

Jousten, K., ed. 2008. Handbook of Vacuum Technology. Weinheim, Germany Wiley-Blackwell. Beginning with chapters on the history of vacuum science and technology and the basics of modern vacuum technology, this work then addresses particular applications, such as in condensers and pumps. Materials, components, seals, and leak detection and control are also covered. 

Krypton 85 (leak detection) Radioactive (12 keV beta emitter) isotope of the element krypton (amu = 84). Used for high precision leak detection (basic sensitivity of about 10 stdcm /s). See also Helium. 

The perceived advantages of the pM S 3 system are its inherent simplicity (only one type of substrate, the basic building block, used throughout and standard collection of tubesets), ease of assembly (only two hex-head screw sizes and same size o-ring for all seals), easy detection of leaks (due to visible tubeset connections under the system), and easy adaptation to any flow configuration required by customer s application. 

Four fundamental blocks comprise a chromatographic system (1) sample application system (injector) (2) mixture separation system (column) (3) detection system responsive to the analytes eluting from the column (detector), and (4) data system. Analytical quality rests on the combined performance of all basic blocks. For example, the injection system must transfer the sample into the chromatographic column in a quantitative manner, without discrimination due to molecular weight or component volatility and without chemical alteration of any constituent substance. This entrance door into the column must remain clean, contaminant-free, inert and without leaks. Component separation is achieved when the operational parameters (temperature, mobile phase velocity or polarity, pressure) and the column characteristics (length, internal diameter, stationary phase chemical nature and thickness) are such that the distribution constants (between stationary and mobile phases) of all mixture components are different. The detector response (signal) results from the... 

However, the conunercial lAMS apparatus is too cumbersome for use in field analysis of air samples. Unfortunately, the commercial apparatus is not practical for the study of atmospheric environments. Therefore, to develop a new, compact and fieldable lAMS system by eliminating the differential pumping stage is desirable. The primary objeetive for the development was to design a system that can be easily transported to the field and that can detect any chemical species at atmospheric pressirre on a real-time basis. A single turbomolecular pump is employed as the vacuirm system to fill the basic requirements for vacuum conditions this is simple and cost effective. The optimal operation parameters for its use, the details and operation of the capillary leak inlet, and the system s analytical power in some preliminary applications are described also in this section... 

A compact ion attachment mass spectrometer was designed that is simple and small and fulfills all the basic requirements for lAMS the system can be used to obtain only molecular ions by detecting any chemical species in real time [93]. This custom-made apparatus (Fig. 6.11) consists of a Li+ ion attachment ion source into which a stream of gas from a capillary leak inlet is directed, an electrostatic lens system (ELS), and a quadrupole mass spectrometer and detector, all of which are installed in a vacuum-separated envelope. The system employs a single tuibomo-lecular pirmp on the vacuum envelope instead of a differential pumping system. 

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